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EC 1.17.1.3 Details

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EC number

1.17.1.3

Accepted name

leucoanthocyanidin reductase

Reaction

(2R,3S)-catechin + NADP⁺ + H₂O = 2,3-trans-3,4-cis-leucocyanidin + NADPH + H⁺

Other name(s)

leucocyanidin reductase

Systematic name

(2R,3S)-catechin:NADP⁺ 4-oxidoreductase

CAS registry number

776323-46-7

Comment

The enzyme catalyses the synthesis of catechin, catechin-4β-ol (leucocyanidin) and the related flavan-3-ols afzelechin and gallocatechin, which are initiating monomers in the synthesis of plant polymeric proanthocyanidins or condensed tannins. While 2,3-trans-3,4-cis-leucocyanidin is the preferred flavan-3,4-diol substrate, 2,3-trans-3,4-cis-leucodelphinidin and 2,3-trans-3,4-cis-leucopelargonidin can also act as substrates, but more slowly. NADH can replace NADPH but is oxidized more slowly.

History

created 2003

EC Tree

1 Oxidoreductases

1.1 Acting on the CH-OH group of donors

1.1.1 With NAD⁺ or NADP⁺ as acceptor

1.1.2 With a cytochrome as acceptor

1.1.3 With oxygen as acceptor

1.1.3.1 created 1961, deleted 1984

1.1.3.2 L-lactate oxidase

1.1.3.3 malate oxidase

1.1.3.4 glucose oxidase

1.1.3.5 hexose oxidase

1.1.3.6 cholesterol oxidase

1.1.3.7 aryl-alcohol oxidase

1.1.3.8 L-gulonolactone oxidase

1.1.3.9 galactose oxidase

1.1.3.10 pyranose oxidase

1.1.3.11 L-sorbose oxidase

1.1.3.12 pyridoxine 4-oxidase

1.1.3.13 alcohol oxidase

1.1.3.14 catechol oxidase (dimerizing)

1.1.3.15 (S)-2-hydroxy-acid oxidase

1.1.3.16 ecdysone oxidase

1.1.3.17 choline oxidase

1.1.3.18 secondary-alcohol oxidase

1.1.3.19 4-hydroxymandelate oxidase (decarboxylating)

1.1.3.20 long-chain-alcohol oxidase

1.1.3.21 glycerol-3-phosphate oxidase

1.1.3.22 created 1961 as EC 1.2.3.2, transferred 1984 to EC 1.1.3.22, modified 1989, deleted 2004

1.1.3.23 thiamine oxidase

1.1.3.24 L-galactonolactone oxidase

1.1.3.25 created 1986, deleted 2005

1.1.3.26 created 1989, deleted 2002

1.1.3.27 hydroxyphytanate oxidase

1.1.3.28 nucleoside oxidase

1.1.3.29 N-acylhexosamine oxidase

1.1.3.30 polyvinyl-alcohol oxidase

1.1.3.31 created 1992, deleted 2003

1.1.3.32 created 1999, deleted 2002

1.1.3.33 created 1999, deleted 2002

1.1.3.34 created 1999, deleted 2002

1.1.3.35 created 1999, deleted 2002

1.1.3.36 created 1999, deleted 2002

1.1.3.37 D-arabinono-1,4-lactone oxidase

1.1.3.38 vanillyl-alcohol oxidase

1.1.3.39 nucleoside oxidase (H₂O₂-forming)

1.1.3.40 D-mannitol oxidase

1.1.3.41 alditol oxidase

1.1.3.42 prosolanapyrone-II oxidase

1.1.3.43 paromamine 6′-oxidase

1.1.3.44 6′′′-hydroxyneomycin C oxidase

1.1.3.45 aclacinomycin-N oxidase

1.1.3.46 4-hydroxymandelate oxidase

1.1.3.47 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural oxidase

1.1.3.48 3-deoxy-α-D-manno-octulosonate 8-oxidase

1.1.3.49 (R)-mandelonitrile oxidase

1.1.3.50 C-glycoside oxidase

1.1.4 With a disulfide as acceptor

1.1.5 With a quinone or similar compound as acceptor

1.1.7 With an iron-sulfur protein as acceptor

1.1.9 With a copper protein as acceptor

1.1.98 With other, known, physiological acceptors

1.1.99 With unknown physiological acceptors

1.2 Acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors

1.3 Acting on the CH-CH group of donors

1.4 Acting on the CH-NH₂ group of donors

1.5 Acting on the CH-NH group of donors

1.6 Acting on NADH or NADPH

1.6.1 With NAD⁺ or NADP⁺ as acceptor

1.6.2 With a heme protein as acceptor

1.6.3 With oxygen as acceptor

1.6.4 With a disulfide as acceptor (deleted sub-subclass)

1.6.5 With a quinone or similar compound as acceptor

1.6.6 With a nitrogenous group as acceptor

1.6.7 With an iron-sulfur protein as acceptor (deleted sub-subclass)

1.6.8 With a flavin as acceptor (deleted sub-subclass)

1.6.99 With unknown physiological acceptors

1.7 Acting on other nitrogenous compounds as donors

1.8 Acting on a sulfur group of donors

1.9 Acting on a heme group of donors

1.10 Acting on diphenols and related substances as donors

1.11 Acting on a peroxide as acceptor

1.12 Acting on hydrogen as donor

1.13 Acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen (oxygenases)

1.14 Acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen

1.15 Acting on superoxide as acceptor

1.16 Oxidizing metal ions

1.17 Acting on CH or CH₂ groups

1.17.1 With NAD⁺ or NADP⁺ as acceptor

1.17.1.1 CDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxyglucose reductase

1.17.1.2 4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl diphosphate reductase

1.17.1.3 leucoanthocyanidin reductase

1.17.1.4 xanthine dehydrogenase

1.17.1.5 nicotinate dehydrogenase

1.17.1.6 bile-acid 7α-dehydroxylase

1.17.1.7 3-oxo-5,6-dehydrosuberyl-CoA semialdehyde dehydrogenase

1.17.1.8 4-hydroxy-tetrahydrodipicolinate reductase

1.17.1.9 formate dehydrogenase

1.17.1.10 formate dehydrogenase (NADP⁺)

1.17.1.11 formate dehydrogenase (NAD⁺, ferredoxin)

1.17.2 With a cytochrome as acceptor

1.17.3 With oxygen as acceptor

1.17.4 With a disulfide as acceptor

1.17.5 With a quinone or similar compound as acceptor

1.17.7 With an iron-sulfur protein as acceptor

1.17.8 With a flavin as acceptor

1.17.9 With a copper protein as acceptor

1.17.98 With other, known, physiological acceptors

1.17.99 With unknown physiological acceptors

1.18 Acting on iron-sulfur proteins as donors

1.19 Acting on reduced flavodoxin as donor

1.20 Acting on phosphorus or arsenic in donors

1.20.1 With NAD⁺ or NADP⁺ as acceptor

1.20.2 With a cytochrome as acceptor

1.20.4 With disulfide as acceptor

1.20.9 With a copper protein as acceptor

1.20.98 With other, known, physiological acceptors

1.20.99 With unknown physiological acceptors

1.21 Catalysing the reaction X-H + Y-H = X-Y

1.22 Acting on halogen in donors

1.23 Reducing C-O-C group as acceptor

1.97 Other oxidoreductases

1.98 Enzymes using H₂ as reductant (deleted subclass)

1.99 Other enzymes using O₂ as oxidant (deleted subclass)

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Release 2023.1 (January 2023)