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EC 1.1.5.3 Details
EC number
1.1.5.3
Accepted name
glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
Reaction
sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + a quinone = glycerone phosphate + a quinol
Other name(s)
α-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase,
α-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (acceptor),
anaerobic glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase,
DL-glycerol 3-phosphate oxidase (misleading),
FAD-dependent glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase,
FAD-dependent sn-glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase,
FAD-GPDH,
FAD-linked glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase,
FAD-linked L-glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase,
flavin-linked glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase,
flavoprotein-linked L-glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase,
glycerol 3-phosphate cytochrome c reductase (misleading),
glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase,
glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase (acceptor),
glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase (FAD),
glycerol-3-phosphate CoQ reductase,
glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (flavin-linked),
glycerol-3-phosphate:CoQ reductase,
glycerophosphate dehydrogenase,
L-3-glycerophosphate-ubiquinone oxidoreductase,
L-glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (ambiguous),
L-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase,
mGPD,
mitochondrial glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase,
NAD+-independent glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase,
pyridine nucleotide-independent L-glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase,
sn-glycerol 3-phosphate oxidase (misleading),
sn-glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase,
sn-glycerol-3-phosphate:(acceptor) 2-oxidoreductase,
sn-glycerol-3-phosphate:acceptor 2-oxidoreductase
Systematic name
sn-glycerol 3-phosphate:quinone oxidoreductase
CAS registry number
9001-49-4
Comment
This flavin-dependent dehydrogenase is an essential membrane enzyme, functioning at the central junction of glycolysis, respiration and phospholipid biosynthesis. In bacteria, the enzyme is localized to the cytoplasmic membrane [6], while in eukaryotes it is tightly bound to the outer surface of the inner mitochondrial membrane [2]. In eukaryotes, this enzyme, together with the cytosolic enzyme EC 1.1.1.8, glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NAD+), forms the glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle by which NADH produced in the cytosol, primarily from glycolysis, can be reoxidized to NAD+ by the mitochondrial electron-transport chain [3]. This shuttle plays a critical role in transferring reducing equivalents from cytosolic NADH into the mitochondrial matrix [7,8]. Insect flight muscle uses only CoQ10 as the physiological quinone whereas hamster and rat mitochondria use mainly CoQ9 [4]. The enzyme is activated by calcium [3].
History
created 1961 as EC 1.1.2.1, transferred 1965 to EC 1.1.99.5, transferred 2009 to EC 1.1.5.3
EC Tree
1.1.5.1 created 1983, deleted 2002