Literature summary for 3.6.4.B7 extracted from

Mason, J.M.; Dusad, K.; Wright, W.D.; Grubb, J.; Budke, B.; Heyer, W.D.; Connell, P.P.; Weichselbaum, R.R.; Bishop, D.K.
RAD54 family translocases counter genotoxic effects of RAD51 in human tumor cells (2015), Nucleic Acids Res., 43, 3180-3196 .

Search for more literature for 3.6.4.B7

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment)	Organism
recombinant overexpression in S33 cells, RAD51 fibers appear to be excluded from nucleoli, overexpression of RAD51 can cause accumulation of RAD51 foci at sites that do not contain ss-DNA	Homo sapiens

Localization

Localization	Comment	Organism	GeneOntology No.	Textmining
mitochondrion	-	Homo sapiens	5739	-
additional information	RAD51 fibers appear to be excluded from nucleoli in overexpressing cells	Homo sapiens	-	-

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates	Organism	Comment (Nat. Sub.)	Natural Products	Comment (Nat. Pro.)	Rev.	Reac.
ATP + H2O	Homo sapiens	-	ADP + phosphate	-	?

Organism

Organism	UniProt	Comment	Textmining
Homo sapiens	Q06609	-	-

Source Tissue

Source Tissue	Comment	Organism	Textmining
fibrosarcoma cell	-	Homo sapiens	-
HT-1080 cell	-	Homo sapiens	-
MCF-7 cell	-	Homo sapiens	-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates	Comment Substrates	Organism	Products	Comment (Products)	Rev.	Reac.
ATP + H2O	-	Homo sapiens	ADP + phosphate	-	?

Synonyms

Synonyms	Comment	Organism
DNA repair protein RAD51 homolog 1	UniProt	Homo sapiens
Rad51	-	Homo sapiens

General Information

General Information	Comment	Organism
malfunction	translocase depletion in tumor cell lines leads to the accumulation of RAD51 on chromosomes, forming complexes that are not associated with markers of DNA damage. Combined depletion of RAD54L and RAD54B and/or artificial induction of RAD51 overexpression blocks replication and promotes chromosome segregation defects. Induction of nondamage-associated RAD51 foci is associated with reduced cell growth. Replication defects and mitotic defects associated with accumulation of nondamage-associated RAD51 complexes, overview	Homo sapiens
metabolism	RAD54 family translocases prevent accumulation of nondamage-associated RAD51 complexes in MCF-7 cells	Homo sapiens
additional information	RAD51 fibers may be helical nucleoprotein filaments	Homo sapiens
physiological function	the strand exchange protein RAD51 functions to promote genome stability by repairing DNA double strand breaks (DSB) and damaged replication forks. RAD51 repairs damage by forming helical nucleoprotein filaments on tracts of ssDNA. Such tracts form by 5'-3' processing of DNA ends formed by DSBs, and also as a consequence of replication fork collapse or blockage. The ssDNA-specific binding protein RPA binds rapidly and with high specificity to ssDNA tracts and, with the help of mediator proteins, promotes the recruitment of RAD51. Following nucleoprotein filament formation, RAD51 carries out a search for homologous dsDNA sequences and then promotes invasion of target duplex leading to the exchange of DNA strands that forms heteroduplex DNA within an intermediate called the displacement loop (D-loop). The ssDNA strand displaced from the target duplex during heteroduplex DNA formation also binds RPA. Subsequent stages of the recombination process result in repair of damage without loss or rearrangement of DNA sequences. RAD54L and RAD54B counteract genome-destabilizing effects of direct binding of RAD51 to dsDNA in human tumor cells. Thus, in addition to having genome-stabilizing DNA repair activity, human RAD51 has genome-destabilizing activity when expressed at high levels, as is the case in many human tumors. Within the RPA-positive subpopulation, induction of RAD51 overexpression was associated with redistribution of RPA from the diffuse staining pattern to punctate foci, suggesting that they form on undamage dsDNA, with subsequent local accumulation of RPA foci as a consequence of replisome collisions with preformed RAD51 fibers	Homo sapiens

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Release 2023.1 (January 2023)