Literature summary for 2.7.7.84 extracted from

Skrivergaard, S.; Jensen, M.S.; Rolander, T.B.; Nguyen, T.B.N.; Bundgaard, A.; Nejsum, L.N.; Martensen, P.M.
The cellular localization of the p42 and p46 oligoadenylate synthetase 1 isoforms and their impact on mitochondrial respiration (2019), Viruses, 11, 1122 .

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment)	Organism
gene OAS1, the gene is 25414 base pairs long and consists of eight exons. Of these exons, the first five exons from the 5' end are translated into the core protein while the latter three exons enable alternative splicing into the six known protein isoforms of OAS1. Two of these isoforms are the p42 and p46 variants named due to their theoretical size of about 42 and about 46 kDa, the expression pattern between these two variants is related to one single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), the SNP rs10774671. The SNP is an A/G variation locates in the splice acceptor site of exon 7 which results in either the A allele expressing the p42 isoform or the G allele expressing the p46 isoform. Recombinant expression of C-terminally EGFP-tagged isozymes in HeLa cells, where the C-terminus of OAS1 p46 and its CaaX motif is in itself not enough for membrane translocation	Homo sapiens

Cloned (Comment)

Organism

gene OAS1, the gene is 25414 base pairs long and consists of eight exons. Of these exons, the first five exons from the 5' end are translated into the core protein while the latter three exons enable alternative splicing into the six known protein isoforms of OAS1. Two of these isoforms are the p42 and p46 variants named due to their theoretical size of about 42 and about 46 kDa, the expression pattern between these two variants is related to one single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), the SNP rs10774671. The SNP is an A/G variation locates in the splice acceptor site of exon 7 which results in either the A allele expressing the p42 isoform or the G allele expressing the p46 isoform. Recombinant expression of C-terminally EGFP-tagged isozymes in HeLa cells, where the C-terminus of OAS1 p46 and its CaaX motif is in itself not enough for membrane translocation

Homo sapiens

Localization

Localization	Comment	Organism	GeneOntology No.	Textmining
cytosol	OAS1 p42 isoform	Homo sapiens	5829	-
mitochondrion	OAS1 p46 isoform	Homo sapiens	5739	-
additional information	the CaaX motif (C = cysteine, a = aliphatic amino acid, X = terminal amino acid) in OAS1 is of key importance to the cellular localization, it is present in the C-terminal of only the p46 isoform, localization study, detailed overview. The wild-type OAS1 p42 isozyme is highly dispersed in the cytosol, but changes to a more organelle-associated protein when the CaaX motif is added. The same correlation between the CaaX motif and spatial distribution can be observed with endogenous OAS1 protein in IFN-beta treated HeLa cells (only p42) and HT-1080 cells (mainly p46)	Homo sapiens	-	-

Organism

Organism	UniProt	Comment	Textmining
Homo sapiens	P00973	2 isozymes of OAS1, p42 and p46	-

Source Tissue

Source Tissue	Comment	Organism	Textmining
HeLa cell	IFN-beta treated HeLa cells contain only isozyme p42	Homo sapiens	-
HT-1080 cell	contains mainly isozyme p46	Homo sapiens	-

Synonyms

Synonyms	Comment	Organism
OAS	-	Homo sapiens
OAS1	-	Homo sapiens
oligoadenylate synthetase 1	-	Homo sapiens
p42	-	Homo sapiens
p42 oligoadenylate synthetase 1	-	Homo sapiens
P46	-	Homo sapiens
p46 oligoadenylate synthetase 1	-	Homo sapiens

General Information

General Information	Comment	Organism
physiological function	the observed differences in anti-viral activity between the human OAS1 p46 and p42 isoforms are not fully understood. The protein expression of these isoforms is determined by the SNP rs10774671, either being an A or a G allele resulting in expression of either the p42 or the p46 isoform. The rs10774671 SNP and in extension the discrepancy between the p42 and p46 isoforms have been directly associated with several viral diseases includingWest Nile Virus infections, susceptibility to hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections and Sjögren's syndrome development, liver fibrosis progression and response to interferon therapy during hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections as well as in tuberculosis. In all of these instances, it is the G allele (i.e. the OAS1 p46 isoform) that confers resistance, while the p42 variant is associated with a higher risk in these infectious diseases. It has also been shown that the p46 isoform, but not the p42 isoform, facilitate RNase L-dependent anti-viral activity against HCV in cultured Huh7 cells	Homo sapiens