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Literature summary for 2.1.1.202 extracted from
- Cytosine-5 RNA methylation regulates neural stem cell differentiation and motility (2017), Stem Cell Reports, 8, 112-124 .
Localization
| Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nucleolus | - |
Mus musculus | 5730 | - |
| nucleolus | - |
Homo sapiens | 5730 | - |
Organism
| Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| Homo sapiens | O14717 | - |
- |
| Mus musculus | O55055 | - |
- |
Source Tissue
| Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| AF22 cell | neuroepithelial-like stem cells derived from pluripotent cells | Homo sapiens | - |
| brain | - |
Mus musculus | - |
| brain | NSUN2 is expressed in stem and progenitor cells during human brain development | Homo sapiens | - |
| cerebral cortex | reduction of upper-layer neurons in the Nsun2 -/- cortex, mouse brain cortex at E18.5 showing the location of the indicated markers | Mus musculus | - |
| fibroblast | - |
Mus musculus | - |
| fibroblast | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| additional information | NSUN2 is expressed in early neuroepithelial progenitors of the developing human brain, and its expression is gradually reduced during differentiation of human neuroepithelial stem (NES) cells in vitro. Nucleolar expression of NSUN2 overlaps with SOX1, a marker for early neuroepithelial progenitors in the neural tube. NSUN2 is expressed in early neuroectodermal cells that are capable of differentiating into various region-specific neuronal and glial cell types. NSUN2 co-localized with Nestin and SOX1 in cultured NES cells, both lines Sai1 and AF22 express high levels of the NES cell markers Nestin and SOX2 but very low levels of the neural differentiation marker betaIII-tubulin (TUBB3) | Homo sapiens | - |
| additional information | nucleolar expression of NSUN2 overlaps with SOX1, a marker for early neuroepithelial progenitors in the neural tube. NSUN2 is expressed in early neuroectodermal cells that are capable of differentiating into various region-specific neuronal and glial cell types | Mus musculus | - |
| neural stem cell | - |
Mus musculus | - |
| neural stem cell | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| neuron | - |
Mus musculus | - |
| neuron | expression of NSUN2 during human neural differentiation, overview | Homo sapiens | - |
| Sai1 cell | isolated from embryonic hindbrain | Homo sapiens | - |
Synonyms
| Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| NSUN2 | - |
Mus musculus |
| NSUN2 | - |
Homo sapiens |
| TRDMT1 | - |
Mus musculus |
| TRDMT1 | - |
Homo sapiens |
Cofactor
| Cofactor | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| S-adenosyl-L-methionine | - |
Mus musculus |  |
| S-adenosyl-L-methionine | - |
Homo sapiens | |
General Information
| General Information | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| malfunction | loss-of-function mutations in the NSUN2 gene in both mouse and human cause growth retardation and neurodevelopmental deficits including microcephaly, as well as defects in cognition and motor function. Loss of NSUN2-mediated methylation of tRNA increases their endonucleolytic cleavage by angiogenin, and 5' tRNA fragments accumulate in Nsun2-/- brains. Neural differentiation of NES cells is impaired by both NSUN2 depletion and the presence of angiogenin. Since repression of NSUN2 also inhibits neural cell migration toward the chemoattractant fibroblast growth factor 2, the impaired differentiation capacity in the absence of NSUN2 may be driven by the inability to efficiently respond to growth factors. Upper-layer neurons are decreased in Nsun2 knockout brains, phenotype, detailed overview | Homo sapiens |
| malfunction | loss-of-function mutations in the NSUN2 gene in both mouse and human cause growth retardation and neurodevelopmental deficits including microcephaly, as well as defects in cognition and motor function. Loss of NSUN2-mediated methylation of tRNA increases their endonucleolytic cleavage by angiogenin, and 5' tRNA fragments accumulate in Nsun2-/- brains. Neural differentiation of NES cells is impaired by both NSUN2 depletion and the presence of angiogenin. Since repression of NSUN2 also inhibits neural cell migration toward the chemoattractant fibroblast growth factor 2, the impaired differentiation capacity in the absence of NSUN2 may be driven by the inability to efficiently respond to growth factors. Upper-layer neurons are decreased in Nsun2 knockout brains, phenotype, detailed overview. In the developing Nsun2-/- mouse cerebral cortex, intermediate progenitors accumulate and upper-layer neurons decrease. .Loss of NSUN2-mediated methylation of tRNA increases their endonucleolytic cleavage by angiogenin, and 5' tRNA fragments accumulate in Nsun2 -/- brains | Mus musculus |
| physiological function | cytosine-5 methylation in RNA is mediated by a large protein family of conserved RNA:m5C-methyltransferases. NSUN2 is one member of this family and methylates the vast majority of tRNAs as well as a small number of other non-coding (ncRNAs) and coding RNAs (cRNAs). The correct deposition of m5C into RNAs is essential for normal development. Cytosine-5 RNA methylation regulates neural stem cell differentiation and motility. The correct deposition of m5C into RNAs is essential for normal development | Mus musculus |
| physiological function | cytosine-5 methylation in RNA is mediated by a large protein family of conserved RNA:m5C-methyltransferases. NSUN2 is one member of this family and methylates the vast majority of tRNAs as well as a small number of other non-coding (ncRNAs) and coding RNAs (cRNAs). The correct deposition of m5C into RNAs is essential for normal development. Cytosine-5 RNA methylation regulates neural stem cell differentiation and motility. The correct deposition of m5C into RNAs is essential for normal development | Homo sapiens |
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