A cytochrome P-450 (heme-thiolate) protein. The enzyme from the plant Hyoscymus muticus also hydroxylates valencene at C-2 to give the α-hydroxy compound, nootkatol, and this is converted into nootkatone. 5-Epiaristolochene and epieremophilene are hydroxylated at C-2 to give a 2β-hydroxy derivatives that are not oxidized further.
The enzyme appears in viruses and cellular organisms
A cytochrome P-450 (heme-thiolate) protein. The enzyme from the plant Hyoscymus muticus also hydroxylates valencene at C-2 to give the alpha-hydroxy compound, nootkatol, and this is converted into nootkatone. 5-Epiaristolochene and epieremophilene are hydroxylated at C-2 to give a 2beta-hydroxy derivatives that are not oxidized further.
Substrates: substrate affinity for 5-epiaristolochene is 2-4times lower than that for valencene or (-)-premnaspirodiene, respectively. HPO catalyzes the conversion of 5-epiaristolochene to four mono-hydroxylated products with 2beta-hydroxy-epiaristolochene comprising greater than 80% of the reaction products, 1beta-hydroxy-epiaristolochene about 5%, 3alpha-hydroxy-epiaristolochene less than 2%, and an unknown mono-hydroxylated product of about 20% Products: -
Substrates: HPO also catalyzes the equivalent regio-specific (C-2) hydroxylation of several eremophilane-type (decalin ring system) sesquiterpenes, such as with 5-epi-aristolochene Products: -
Substrates: HPO also catalyzes the equivalent regio-specific (C-2) hydroxylation of several eremophilane-type (decalin ring system) sesquiterpenes, such as with 5-epi-aristolochene Products: -
Substrates: co-expression of enzyme HPO and cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) leads to the hydroxylation of externally added (+)-valencene to trans-nootkatol in Pichia pastoris cells Products: -
Substrates: co-expression of enzyme HPO and cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) leads to the hydroxylation of externally added (+)-valencene to trans-nootkatol in Pichia pastoris cells Products: -
Substrates: HPO also catalyzes the equivalent regio-specific (C-2) hydroxylation of several eremophilane-type (decalin ring system) sesquiterpenes, such as with 5-epi-aristolochene Products: -
Substrates: HPO also catalyzes the equivalent regio-specific (C-2) hydroxylation of several eremophilane-type (decalin ring system) sesquiterpenes, such as with 5-epi-aristolochene Products: -
Substrates: co-expression of enzyme HPO and cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) leads to the hydroxylation of externally added (+)-valencene to trans-nootkatol in Pichia pastoris cells Products: -
Substrates: co-expression of enzyme HPO and cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) leads to the hydroxylation of externally added (+)-valencene to trans-nootkatol in Pichia pastoris cells Products: -
A flavoprotein containing both FMN and FAD. This enzyme catalyses the transfer of electrons from NADPH, an obligatory two-electron donor, to microsomal P-450 monooxygenases, EC 1.14.14._
A flavoprotein containing both FMN and FAD. This enzyme catalyses the transfer of electrons from NADPH, an obligatory two-electron donor, to microsomal P-450 monooxygenases, EC 1.14.14._
overexpression of rice premnaspirodiene oxygenase reduces the infection rate of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. Gene OsCYP71 does not contain a signal peptide
the mutant possesses a 5fold improvement in its catalytic efficiency for nootkatol biosynthesis and a 10fold improvement for 2beta-hydroxy-epiaristolochene biosynthesis
production of the sesquiterpenoid (+)-nootkatone by metabolic engineering of Pichia pastoris by generation of a strain co-expressing the premnaspirodiene oxygenase of Hyoscyamus muticus (HPO) and the Arabidopsis thaliana cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) that hydroxylates extracellularly added (+)-valencene. Intracellular production of (+)-valencene by co-expression of valencene synthase from Callitropsis nootkatensis resolves the phase-transfer issues of (+)-valencene. Bi-phasic cultivations of Pichia pastoris result in the production of trans-nootkatol, which is oxidized to (+)-nootkatone by an intrinsic Pichia pastoris activity. Additional overexpression of a Pichia pastoris alcohol dehydrogenase and truncated hydroxy-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (tHmg1p) significantly enhances the (+)-nootkatone yield to 208 mg/l cell culture in bioreactor cultivations. After 12 h of biotransformation about 50% of added (+)-valencene is converted to (+)-nootkatone without residual trans-nootkatol or ot herby-products, but with a moderate overall yield of 48% due to high substrate loss overtime. HPO,CPR and ADH-C3 protein levels are only marginally decreased by co-overexpression of tHMG1
production of the sesquiterpenoid (+)-nootkatone by metabolic engineering of Pichia pastoris by generation of a strain co-expressing the premnaspirodiene oxygenase of Hyoscyamus muticus (HPO) and the Arabidopsis thaliana cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) that hydroxylates extracellularly added (+)-valencene. Intracellular production of (+)-valencene by co-expression of valencene synthase from Callitropsis nootkatensis resolves the phase-transfer issues of (+)-valencene. Bi-phasic cultivations of Pichia pastoris result in the production of trans-nootkatol, which is oxidized to (+)-nootkatone by an intrinsic Pichia pastoris activity. Additional overexpression of a Pichia pastoris alcohol dehydrogenase and truncated hydroxy-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (tHmg1p) significantly enhances the (+)-nootkatone yield to 208 mg/l cell culture in bioreactor cultivations. After 12 h of biotransformation about 50% of added (+)-valencene is converted to (+)-nootkatone without residual trans-nootkatol or ot herby-products, but with a moderate overall yield of 48% due to high substrate loss overtime. HPO,CPR and ADH-C3 protein levels are only marginally decreased by co-overexpression of tHMG1
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CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
co-expression of C-terminally FLAG-tagged premnaspirodiene oxygenase of Hyoscyamus muticus (HPO) and the Arabidopsis thaliana cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) in Pichia pastoris strains ADH-C1 and -C3
gene OsCYP71, DNA and amino acid seuence determination and analysis, sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis. Overexpression of full-length cDNA of premnaspirodiene oxygenase from Oryza sativa subsp. japonica in the wild-type, Dongjin, which is susceptible to bacterial blight Korean strain K2, transformed via Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain EHA105 reduces the infection rate of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae
Functional characterization of premnaspirodiene oxygenase, a cytochrome P450 catalyzing regio- and stereo-specific hydroxylations of diverse sesquiterpene substrates