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Information on EC 1.1.1.183 - geraniol dehydrogenase (NADP+)
for references in articles please use BRENDA:EC1.1.1.183
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EC Tree 1 Oxidoreductases
1.1 Acting on the CH-OH group of donors
1.1.1 With NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor
1.1.1.183 geraniol dehydrogenase (NADP+)
IUBMB Comments
Also acts, more slowly on farnesol but not on nerol. The enzyme produces a mixture known as citral, which includes geranial and neral. It is still not known whether neral is produced directly by the enzyme, or by isomerization of geranial.
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Eukaryota, Bacteria
- 1.1.1.183
- geranial
- citral
- neral
- dehydrogenases
-
monoterpene
-
lemongrass
- linalool
- cymbopogon
-
cis-isomer
- ginger
-
betaproteobacterium
- defragrans
-
geometric
-
castellaniella
- nutrition
showSynonyms
geraniol dehydrogenase, gedh1, geraniol-dh i, more
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SYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
GeDH
additional information
additional information
the enzyme is a member of the medium-chain dehydrogenase/reductase family
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
geraniol + NADP+ = geranial + NADPH + H+
also acts, more slowly, on nerol, farnesol and citronellol
-
-
-
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REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
oxidation
-
-
-
-
redox reaction
-
-
-
-
reduction
-
-
-
-
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PATHWAY SOURCE
PATHWAYS
BRENDA
MetaCyc
geraniol and geranial biosynthesis
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
geraniol:NADP+ oxidoreductase
Also acts, more slowly on farnesol but not on nerol. The enzyme produces a mixture known as citral, which includes geranial and neral. It is still not known whether neral is produced directly by the enzyme, or by isomerization of geranial.
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
56802-96-1
-
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
COMMENTARY
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
1-butanol + NADP+
butanal + NADPH + H+
Substrates: 5.4% activity compared to geraniol
Products: -
Products: -
?
2-heptanol + NADP+
2-heptanone + NADPH + H+
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
r
3,7-dimethyloctanol + NADP+
3,7-dimethyloctanal + NADPH + H+
Substrates: 11.5% activity compared to geraniol
Products: -
Products: -
?
3-methyl-2-buten-1-ol + NADP+
3-methyl-2-buten-1-al + NADPH + H+
Substrates: 22.9% activity compared to geraniol
Products: -
Products: -
?
3-methyl-2-buten-1-ol + NADP+
3-methyl-2-butenal + NADPH
Substrates: 22.7% of the activity with geraniol
Products: -
Products: -
?
3-methyl-2-buten-1-ol + NADP+
3-methyl-2-butenal + NADPH + H+
Substrates: 22.9% activity compared to geraniol
Products: -
Products: -
?
3-methyl-3-buten-1-ol + NADP+
3-methyl-3-buten-1-al + NADPH + H+
Substrates: 6.9% activity compared to geraniol
Products: -
Products: -
?
3-methyl-3-buten-1-ol + NADP+
3-methyl-3-butenal + NADPH
Substrates: 6.5% of the activity with geraniol
Products: -
Products: -
?
3-methyl-3-buten-1-ol + NADP+
3-methyl-3-butenal + NADPH + H+
Substrates: 6.9% activity compared to geraniol
Products: -
Products: -
?
3-phenylpropanol + NADP+
3-phenylpropanal + NADPH + H+
Substrates: 16.2% activity compared to geraniol
Products: -
Products: -
?
benzylalcohol + NADP+
benzaldehyde + NADPH
Substrates: 5.5% of the activity with geraniol
Products: -
Products: -
?
beta-citronellol + NADP+
?
-
Substrates: compared to geraniol, isoform geraniol-DH I shows 72% activity and isoform geraniol-DH II shows 63% activity with this substrate
Products: -
Products: -
?
borneol + NADP+
?
-
Substrates: compared to geraniol, isoform geraniol-DH I shows 52% activity and isoform geraniol-DH II shows 29% activity with this substrate
Products: -
Products: -
?
carveol + NADP+
?
-
Substrates: compared to geraniol, isoform geraniol-DH I shows 44% activity with this substrate
Products: -
Products: -
?
cinnamyl alcohol + NADP+
?
-
Substrates: compared to geraniol, isoform geraniol-DH I shows 60% activity and isoform geraniol-DH II shows 50% activity with this substrate
Products: -
Products: -
?
cinnamyl alcohol + NADP+
cinnamaldehyde + NADPH + H+
Substrates: 31.6% activity compared to geraniol
Products: -
Products: -
?
cinnamyl alcohol + NADP+
cinnamyl aldehyde + NADPH
Substrates: 53.0% of the activity with geraniol
Products: -
Products: -
?
cinnamyl alcohol + NADP+
cinnamyl aldehyde + NADPH + H+
Substrates: 31.6% activity compared to geraniol
Products: -
Products: -
?
cis-3-hexenol + NADP+
cis-3-hexenal + NADPH
Substrates: 13.3% of the activity with geraniol
Products: -
Products: -
?
cis-3-hexenol + NADP+
cis-3-hexenal + NADPH + H+
Substrates: 11.9% activity compared to geraniol
Products: -
Products: -
?
hexanol + NADP+
hexanal + NADPH
Substrates: 31.6% of the activity with geraniol
Products: -
Products: -
?
hexanol + NADP+
hexanal + NADPH + H+
Substrates: 24.1% activity compared to geraniol
Products: -
Products: -
?
linalool + NADP+
?
-
Substrates: compared to geraniol, isoform geraniol-DH I shows 42% activity and isoform geraniol-DH II shows 92% activity with this substrate
Products: -
Products: -
?
n-butanol + NADP+
butanal + NADPH + H+
Substrates: 5.4% activity compared to geraniol
Products: -
Products: -
?
nerol + NADP+
?
-
Substrates: compared to geraniol, isoform geraniol-DH I shows 64% activity and isoform geraniol-DH II shows 50% activity with this substrate
Products: -
Products: -
?
nerol + NADP+
neral + geranial + NADPH + H+
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
p-cumic alcohol + NADP+
?
-
Substrates: compared to geraniol, isoform geraniol-DH I shows 56% activity and isoform geraniol-DH II shows 46% activity with this substrate
Products: -
Products: -
?
phenylethanol + NADP+
phenylethanal + NADPH
Substrates: 10.2% of the activity with geraniol
Products: -
Products: -
?
phenylethylalcohol + NADP+
phenylethylaldehyde + NADPH + H+
Substrates: 9.9% activity compared to geraniol
Products: -
Products: -
?
phenylpropanol + NADP+
phenylpropanal + NADPH
Substrates: 22.1% of the activity with geraniol
Products: -
Products: -
?
trans-2-hexenol + NADP+
trans-2-hexenal + NADPH + H+
Substrates: 26.6% activity compared to geraniol
Products: -
Products: -
?
citronellol + NADP+
citronellal + NADPH
Substrates: 16.6% of the activity with geraniol
Products: -
Products: -
r
citronellol + NADP+
citronellal + NADPH + H+
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
r
citronellol + NADP+
citronellal + NADPH + H+
Substrates: 16.4% activity compared to geraniol
Products: -
Products: -
?
geranial + NADPH + H+
geraniol + NADP+
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
r
geranial + NADPH + H+
geraniol + NADP+
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
r
geranial + NADPH + H+
nerol + NADP+
Substrates: -
Products: PcGeDH can reduce citral to geraniol and nerol when NADPH is added as cofactor, but not when NADP+ is the cofactor. PcGeDH can catalyze either oxidation or reduction. Oil component identification by gas mass spectrometry
Products: PcGeDH can reduce citral to geraniol and nerol when NADPH is added as cofactor, but not when NADP+ is the cofactor. PcGeDH can catalyze either oxidation or reduction. Oil component identification by gas mass spectrometry
r
geranial + NADPH + H+
nerol + NADP+
Substrates: -
Products: PcGeDH can reduce citral to geraniol and nerol when NADPH is added as cofactor, but not when NADP+ is the cofactor. PcGeDH can catalyze either oxidation or reduction. Oil component identification by gas mass spectrometry
Products: PcGeDH can reduce citral to geraniol and nerol when NADPH is added as cofactor, but not when NADP+ is the cofactor. PcGeDH can catalyze either oxidation or reduction. Oil component identification by gas mass spectrometry
r
geraniol + NAD+
geranial + NADH + H+
Substrates: the enzyme plays an important role in the biosynthesis of neral, an alarm pheromone
Products: -
Products: -
?
geraniol + NAD+
geranial + NADH + H+
Substrates: stereospecific reaction, no activity with nerol
Products: -
Products: -
?
geraniol + NADP+
?
-
Substrates: key intermediate in terpenoid biosynthesis
Products: -
Products: -
?
geraniol + NADP+
?
-
Substrates: most fundamental alcohol in the biosynthesis of terpenoids
Products: -
Products: -
?
geraniol + NADP+
geranial + NADPH
Substrates: the back reaction is catalyzed by CAD1, the cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase in vivo, the geraniol,/nerol pathway involves sveral dehydrogenases, overview
Products: -
Products: -
ir
geraniol + NADP+
geranial + NADPH
Substrates: the back reaction is catalyzed by CAD1, the cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase in vivo
Products: -
Products: -
?
geraniol + NADP+
geranial + NADPH + H+
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
geraniol + NADP+
geranial + NADPH + H+
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
geraniol + NADP+
geranial + NADPH + H+
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
r
geraniol + NADP+
geranial + NADPH + H+
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
geraniol + NADP+
geranial + NADPH + H+
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
geraniol + NADP+
geranial + NADPH + H+
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
r, ?
geraniol + NADP+
geranial + NADPH + H+
-
Substrates: 100% activity
Products: -
Products: -
?
geraniol + NADP+
geranial + NADPH + H+
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
r
geraniol + NADP+
geranial + NADPH + H+
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
r
geraniol + NADP+
geranial + NADPH + H+
Substrates: 100% activity
Products: -
Products: -
?
geraniol + NADP+
geranial + NADPH + H+
Substrates: enzyme GeDH shows equal preference for geraniol and nerol
Products: -
Products: -
r
nerol + NADP+
neral + NADPH + H+
Substrates: 101% of the activity with geraniol
Products: -
Products: -
r
nerol + NADP+
neral + NADPH + H+
Substrates: enzyme GeDH shows equal preference for geraniol and nerol
Products: -
Products: -
r
nerol + NADP+
neral + NADPH + H+
Substrates: 98.3% activity compared to geraniol
Products: -
Products: -
r
additional information
?
-
Substrates: substrate specificity, poor activity with citronellol, 3-methyl-2-buten-1-ol, 1-octanol, 1-butanol, 2-buten-1-ol, and ethanol, overview
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: substrate specificity, poor activity with citronellol, 3-methyl-2-buten-1-ol, 1-octanol, 1-butanol, 2-buten-1-ol, and ethanol, overview
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: nerol, farnesol and citronellol are oxidized at slower rates
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
Substrates: geraniol, geranial, neral and nerol formations are sequentially observed during cell culture
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
Substrates: no activity with coniferyl alcohol, menthol, carveol, dihydrocarveol, 3,7-dimethyl-octanol, ethanol, butanol, and isobutanol
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: no activity with coniferyl alcohol, menthol, carveol, dihydrocarveol, 3,7-dimethyl-octanol, ethanol, butanol, and isobutanol
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
Substrates: the overall reaction from geranyl diphosphate to citral is performed in vitro using geraniol synthase and GeDH from Perilla to form a large proportion of citral and relatively little geraniol as reaction products. Oil component identification by gas mass spectrometry
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
Substrates: the overall reaction from geranyl diphosphate to citral is performed in vitro using geraniol synthase and GeDH from Perilla to form a large proportion of citral and relatively little geraniol as reaction products. Oil component identification by gas mass spectrometry
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
Substrates: the overall reaction from geranyl diphosphate to citral is performed in vitro using geraniol synthase and GeDH from Perilla to form a large proportion of citral and relatively little geraniol as reaction products
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
Substrates: the overall reaction from geranyl diphosphate to citral is performed in vitro using geraniol synthase and GeDH from Perilla to form a large proportion of citral and relatively little geraniol as reaction products
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: the overall reaction from geranyl diphosphate to citral is performed in vitro using geraniol synthase and GeDH from Perilla to form a large proportion of citral and relatively little geraniol as reaction products
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
Substrates: the overall reaction from geranyl diphosphate to citral is performed in vitro using geraniol synthase and GeDH from Perilla to form a large proportion of citral and relatively little geraniol as reaction products. Oil component identification by gas mass spectrometry
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
Substrates: the overall reaction from geranyl diphosphate to citral is performed in vitro using geraniol synthase and GeDH from Perilla to form a large proportion of citral and relatively little geraniol as reaction products. Oil component identification by gas mass spectrometry
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: the overall reaction from geranyl diphosphate to citral is performed in vitro using geraniol synthase and GeDH from Perilla to form a large proportion of citral and relatively little geraniol as reaction products. Oil component identification by gas mass spectrometry
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
Substrates: the overall reaction from geranyl diphosphate to citral is performed in vitro using geraniol synthase and GeDH from Perilla to form a large proportion of citral and relatively little geraniol as reaction products. Oil component identification by gas mass spectrometry
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
Substrates: the overall reaction from geranyl diphosphate to citral is performed in vitro using geraniol synthase and GeDH from Perilla to form a large proportion of citral and relatively little geraniol as reaction products
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: tetrahydrogeraniol, tetrahydrolinalool, menthol, benzyl alcohol, and farnesol are no substrates for both isoforms. Isoform geraniol-DH II does not react with 3,7-dihydrolinalool, and isoform geraniol-DH I does not react with carveol
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: determination and analysis, including isomerization steps, of the d6-geraniol metabolism in Vitis vinifera fruit mesocarp, overview
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: no activity with borneol, menthol, benzyl alcohol and ethanol. Geraniol, nerol and citronellol are structurally similar acyclic monoterpene alcohols
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: the enzyme shows no activity with borneol, menthol, benzyl alcohol, and ethanol
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: feeding exeriments with cell culture: the incorporated geraniol and geranyl acetate are transformed and detected (by GC-MS) as geranial, geraniol, geranyl acetate and citronellol, while nerol and neral are hardly detected
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
Substrates: feeding exeriments with cell culture: the incorporated geraniol and geranyl acetate are transformed and detected (by GC-MS) as geranial, geraniol, geranyl acetate and citronellol, while nerol and neral are hardly detected
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: the recombinant ZoGeDH catalyzes the NADP+-dependent oxidation from geraniol to citral, a mixture of geranial and neral, but the neral content in vivo is very low. Its substrate specificity is the highest for geraniol and nerol, while that for cinnamyl alcohol is 32% of the activity observed for geraniol
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
Substrates: the recombinant ZoGeDH catalyzes the NADP+-dependent oxidation from geraniol to citral, a mixture of geranial and neral, but the neral content in vivo is very low. Its substrate specificity is the highest for geraniol and nerol, while that for cinnamyl alcohol is 32% of the activity observed for geraniol
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: no activity with NAD+
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
Substrates: no activity with NAD+
Products: -
Products: -
?
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NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
COMMENTARY
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
citronellol + NADP+
citronellal + NADPH + H+
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
r
geraniol + NAD+
geranial + NADH + H+
Substrates: the enzyme plays an important role in the biosynthesis of neral, an alarm pheromone
Products: -
Products: -
?
geraniol + NADP+
?
-
Substrates: key intermediate in terpenoid biosynthesis
Products: -
Products: -
?
geraniol + NADP+
?
-
Substrates: most fundamental alcohol in the biosynthesis of terpenoids
Products: -
Products: -
?
geraniol + NADP+
geranial + NADPH
Substrates: the back reaction is catalyzed by CAD1, the cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase in vivo, the geraniol,/nerol pathway involves sveral dehydrogenases, overview
Products: -
Products: -
ir
geraniol + NADP+
geranial + NADPH + H+
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
geraniol + NADP+
geranial + NADPH + H+
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
geraniol + NADP+
geranial + NADPH + H+
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
r
geraniol + NADP+
geranial + NADPH + H+
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
geraniol + NADP+
geranial + NADPH + H+
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
geraniol + NADP+
geranial + NADPH + H+
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
r, ?
geraniol + NADP+
geranial + NADPH + H+
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
r
geraniol + NADP+
geranial + NADPH + H+
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
r
geraniol + NADP+
geranial + NADPH + H+
Substrates: 100% activity
Products: -
Products: -
?
nerol + NADP+
neral + NADPH + H+
Substrates: enzyme GeDH shows equal preference for geraniol and nerol
Products: -
Products: -
r
additional information
?
-
Substrates: geraniol, geranial, neral and nerol formations are sequentially observed during cell culture
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
Substrates: the overall reaction from geranyl diphosphate to citral is performed in vitro using geraniol synthase and GeDH from Perilla to form a large proportion of citral and relatively little geraniol as reaction products. Oil component identification by gas mass spectrometry
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
Substrates: the overall reaction from geranyl diphosphate to citral is performed in vitro using geraniol synthase and GeDH from Perilla to form a large proportion of citral and relatively little geraniol as reaction products. Oil component identification by gas mass spectrometry
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
Substrates: the overall reaction from geranyl diphosphate to citral is performed in vitro using geraniol synthase and GeDH from Perilla to form a large proportion of citral and relatively little geraniol as reaction products
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
Substrates: the overall reaction from geranyl diphosphate to citral is performed in vitro using geraniol synthase and GeDH from Perilla to form a large proportion of citral and relatively little geraniol as reaction products
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: the overall reaction from geranyl diphosphate to citral is performed in vitro using geraniol synthase and GeDH from Perilla to form a large proportion of citral and relatively little geraniol as reaction products
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
Substrates: the overall reaction from geranyl diphosphate to citral is performed in vitro using geraniol synthase and GeDH from Perilla to form a large proportion of citral and relatively little geraniol as reaction products
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: determination and analysis, including isomerization steps, of the d6-geraniol metabolism in Vitis vinifera fruit mesocarp, overview
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: feeding exeriments with cell culture: the incorporated geraniol and geranyl acetate are transformed and detected (by GC-MS) as geranial, geraniol, geranyl acetate and citronellol, while nerol and neral are hardly detected
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
Substrates: feeding exeriments with cell culture: the incorporated geraniol and geranyl acetate are transformed and detected (by GC-MS) as geranial, geraniol, geranyl acetate and citronellol, while nerol and neral are hardly detected
Products: -
Products: -
?
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COFACTOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
additional information
-
no activity is observed when NAD+ is substituted for NADP+
-
additional information
no activity is observed when NAD+ is substituted for NADP+
-
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METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
Zn2+
additional information
additional information
the enzyme is not affected by Na+, K+, NH4+, Ca2+, and Mg2+
additional information
-
the enzyme is not affected by Na+, K+, NH4+, Ca2+, and Mg2+
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INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
2,2'-dipyridyl
-
isoform geraniol-DH I shows 72% residual activity and geraniol-DH II shows 75% residual activity at 1 mM
cyanide
-
isoforms geraniol-DH I and geraniol-DH II are completely inhibited at 1 mM
MgCl2
-
isoform geraniol-DH I shows 61% residual activity and geraniol-DH II shows 45% residual activity at 5 mM
iodoacetamide
-
isoforms geraniol-DH I and geraniol-DH II are completely inhibited at 1 mM
Sodium azide
-
isoform geraniol-DH I shows 61% residual activity and geraniol-DH II shows 90% residual activity at 1 mM
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ACTIVATING COMPOUND
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
additional information
-
adding sodium metabisulfite, ascorbic acid, dithiothreitol, and EDTA to the extraction buffer and using Tris-HCl (pH 7.5) or potassium phosphate (pH 7.5) fails to enhance enzyme activity
-
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KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
2.222
3,7-dimethyloct-6-en-1-ol
-
isoform geraniol-DH II, in 100 mM glycine-NaOH, pH 9.5, at 37°C
10
3,7-dimethyloct-6-en-1-ol
-
isoform geraniol-DH I, in 100 mM glycine-NaOH, pH 9.5, at 37°C
0.435
cinnamyl alcohol
-
isoform geraniol-DH I, in 100 mM glycine-NaOH, pH 9.5, at 37°C
0.556
cinnamyl alcohol
-
isoform geraniol-DH II, in 100 mM glycine-NaOH, pH 9.5, at 37°C
0.185
geraniol
-
isoform geraniol-DH II, in 100 mM glycine-NaOH, pH 9.5, at 37°C
0.4
geraniol
-
isoform geraniol-DH I, in 100 mM glycine-NaOH, pH 9.5, at 37°C
0.741
linalool
-
isoform geraniol-DH II, in 100 mM glycine-NaOH, pH 9.5, at 37°C
1.333
linalool
-
isoform geraniol-DH I, in 100 mM glycine-NaOH, pH 9.5, at 37°C
0.021
NADP+
-
isoform geraniol-DH I, in 100 mM glycine-NaOH, pH 9.5, at 37°C
0.0588
NADP+
-
isoform geraniol-DH II, in 100 mM glycine-NaOH, pH 9.5, at 37°C
0.714
nerol
-
isoform geraniol-DH II, in 100 mM glycine-NaOH, pH 9.5, at 37°C
1.212
nerol
-
isoform geraniol-DH I, in 100 mM glycine-NaOH, pH 9.5, at 37°C
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TURNOVER NUMBER [1/s]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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kcat/KM VALUE [1/mMs-1]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
0.175
-
isoform geraniol-DH I, after 116.7fold purification, in 100 mM glycine-NaOH, pH 9.5, at 37°C
0.261
-
isoform geraniol-DH II, after 173.8fold purification, in 100 mM glycine-NaOH, pH 9.5, at 37°C
additional information
additional information
-
nerol shows 60% of the rate with geraniol, farnesol about 11% and citronellol 8%
additional information
-
nerol shows 52.9% of the activity with geraniol, citronellol about 20.6%, 2-heptanol 10.3% and heptanol only 7.4%
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pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
9.5
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pH RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
6 - 10
-
isoforms geraniol-DH I and geraniol-DH II show less than 40% activity below pH 6.5. Isoform geraniol-DH II shows no activity at pH 10.0, while isoform geraniol-DH I shows about 50% activity. Both isoforms are inactive at pH 6.0 and below
8 - 10
8 - 10
68% of maximal activity is maintained at a pH range of pH 8.0-10.0
8 - 10
68% of the optimum activity is maintained at a pH range of 8.0-10.0
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TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
25
30
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TEMPERATURE RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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pI VALUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
Ocimum americanum accessions belong to the geranial/neral chemotype
UniProt
brenda
Roscoe, Tosaichi and Kogane-no-sato, fresh immature and mature
-
-
brenda
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SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SOURCE
additional information
highest activity in young leaves decreasing to 60% in older leaves
brenda
additional information
-
change in GeDH activity according to the degree of maturity and storage time of ginger of the two varieties, overview
brenda
additional information
-
expression levels of ZoGeDH in various ginger plant tissues are in accordance with the accumulation of geranial, except in old rhizome
brenda
additional information
expression levels of ZoGeDH in various ginger plant tissues are in accordance with the accumulation of geranial, except in old rhizome
brenda
Highest Expressing Human Cell Lines
Cell Line LinksPlease wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
evolution
malfunction
in the enzyme-deficient MGDELTAyjgB strain, conversion of geraniol to other geranoids is significantly reduced to 11%. Similar patterns are observed when feeding nerol and citral. In the MGDELTAyjgB strain, conversion of fed nerol to other geranoids is reduced from 12% to 4%, and conversion of neral and geranial to other geranoids during the citral feeding experiment is also reduced by almost 50% in both cases
metabolism
physiological function
additional information
enzyme three-dimensional structure modelling and binding site prediction, overview
evolution
GeDH gene expression in C-, PA-, PK-, and PP-type Perilla
evolution
GeDH gene expression in C-, PA-, PK-, and PP-type Perilla
evolution
phylogenic analysis of ZoGeDH results in its categorization into the cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) group, along with the previously reported GeDHs of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum) and wild perilla (P. setoyensis, P. citriodora, and P. frutescens)
evolution
-
GeDH gene expression in C-, PA-, PK-, and PP-type Perilla
-
evolution
-
GeDH gene expression in C-, PA-, PK-, and PP-type Perilla
-
metabolism
the enzyme geraniol dehydrogenase is involved in the biosynthetic pathway from geranyl diphosphate to citral, the main compound of citral-type perilla essential oil
metabolism
the enzyme geraniol dehydrogenase is involved in the biosynthetic pathway from geranyl diphosphate to citral, the main compound of citral-type perilla essential oil. Geranial is formed from geraniol by enzymatic reaction of Perilla aldo-keto reductase or Perilla GeDH
metabolism
the enzyme geraniol dehydrogenase is involved in the biosynthetic pathway from geranyl diphosphate to citral, the main compound of citral-type perilla essential oil
metabolism
YjgB is the major enzyme responsible for the endogenous formation of geranoids during geraniol production in Escherichia coli
metabolism
treatment of plants with D2-geraniol accelerates the synthesis of D1-geraniol and D1-geranial. D1-geranial comprises 33.7% of the endogenous geranial content. Other than geraniol, citronellol is also detected as a mixture of D2- and D1-labeled compounds. On the other hand, nerol and neral, cis-isomers of geraniol and nerol, respectively, are hardly detected in either the control or treated plants. These results indicate that geraniol and geranyl acetate are possible precursors for the formation of geranial and citronellol. Proposed biotransformation of geraniol-related compounds in ginger rhizomes, overview
metabolism
-
the enzyme geraniol dehydrogenase is involved in the biosynthetic pathway from geranyl diphosphate to citral, the main compound of citral-type perilla essential oil. Geranial is formed from geraniol by enzymatic reaction of Perilla aldo-keto reductase or Perilla GeDH
-
metabolism
-
the enzyme geraniol dehydrogenase is involved in the biosynthetic pathway from geranyl diphosphate to citral, the main compound of citral-type perilla essential oil
-
metabolism
-
the enzyme geraniol dehydrogenase is involved in the biosynthetic pathway from geranyl diphosphate to citral, the main compound of citral-type perilla essential oil
-
physiological function
two types of alcohol dehydrogenases, an aldo-keto reductase (AKR) and a geraniol dehydrogenase (GeDH), are thought to participate in the biosynthesis of perilla essential oil components, such as citral and perillaldehyde
physiological function
two types of alcohol dehydrogenases, an aldo-keto reductase (AKR) and a geraniol dehydrogenase (GeDH), are thought to participate in the biosynthesis of perilla essential oil components, such as citral and perillaldehyde
physiological function
the single enzyme geraniol dehydrogenase (GDH) is responsible for the degradation of geraniol, nerol, citronellol and related compounds
physiological function
-
two types of alcohol dehydrogenases, an aldo-keto reductase (AKR) and a geraniol dehydrogenase (GeDH), are thought to participate in the biosynthesis of perilla essential oil components, such as citral and perillaldehyde
-
physiological function
-
two types of alcohol dehydrogenases, an aldo-keto reductase (AKR) and a geraniol dehydrogenase (GeDH), are thought to participate in the biosynthesis of perilla essential oil components, such as citral and perillaldehyde
-
physiological function
-
two types of alcohol dehydrogenases, an aldo-keto reductase (AKR) and a geraniol dehydrogenase (GeDH), are thought to participate in the biosynthesis of perilla essential oil components, such as citral and perillaldehyde
-
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UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable).
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable). K9RZL7_PERFH
360
0
38903
TrEMBL
Secretory Pathway (Reliability: 5)
K9S0X0_PERFH
360
0
38932
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 5)
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MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
heterodimer
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CRYSTALLIZATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
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PROTEIN VARIANTS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
additional information
the overexpressing DHyjgB strain converts 33% of fed geraniol into other geranoids, which is much higher than the rate of the control strain with 7%
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pH STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
8 - 9
-
the enzyme activity in acetone extract is very stable at more than pH 8.0 and maximally at pH 9.0
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TEMPERATURE STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
30 - 70
-
rapid inactiviation of isoform geraniol-DH I occurs from 30-60°C with 60% activity at 40°C and 40% residual activity at 60°C. At 70°C the isoform shows less than 20% residual activity. Isoform geraniol-DH II retains over 80% activity after 10 min at 40°C, while from 30-50°C the activity decreases slightly and is lost at temperatures above 50°C
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STORAGE STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
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PURIFICATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
DEAE Toyopearl 650M column chromatography, phenyl Toyopearl 650 M column chromatography, and AF-Red Toyopearl 650ML column chromatography
-
native enzyme 1879fold to homogeneity by ammonium sulfate fractionation, followed by hydrophobic interactin and adsorption chromatography, anion exchange chromatography, and gel filtration in seven purification steps, overview
partially, ammonium sulfate fractionation, gel filtration, anion exchange chromatography
-
recombinant GEDH1 from Escherichia coli by anion exchange chromatography
recombinant His-tagged enzyme from Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3)pLysS
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CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, phylogenetic analysis
DNA and amino acid sequence determination, comparison, and analysis, semi-quantitative RT-PCR enzyme expression analysis
DNA and amino acid sequence determination, comparison, and analysis, semi-quantitative RT-PCR enzyme expression analysis, recombinant expression of His-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3)pLysS
GEDH1, phylogenetic tree and analysis, sequence comparison, expression in Escherichia coli
gene GDH, functional recombinant expression in Escherichia coli strain MG-1655
gene OaGDH, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, DNA isolation and purification method optimization, geno- and chemotyping
gene ZoGeDH, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis, reverse transcription real-time RT-PCR enzyme expression analysis
DNA and amino acid sequence determination, comparison, and analysis, semi-quantitative RT-PCR enzyme expression analysis
DNA and amino acid sequence determination, comparison, and analysis, semi-quantitative RT-PCR enzyme expression analysis
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APPLICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
nutrition
-
high hydrostatic pressure treatment of grated ginger results in more than 95% inactivation of geraniol dehydrogenase. Heat treatment of 10 min at 100°C inactivates geraniol dehydrogenase to 43% residual activity. In storage, untreated and heat-treated ginger shows reduction of geranial, neral, and citronellal while pressure-treated ginger does not. In the pressure-treated sample, terpene aldehydes almost disappear without the formation of the corresponding alcohols
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REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Potty, V.H.; Bruemmer, J.H.
Oxidation of geraniol by enzyme system from orange
Phytochemistry
9
1003-1007
1970
Citrus sp.
-
brenda
Sangwan, R.S.; Singh-Sangwan, N.; Luthra, R.
Metabolism of acyclic monoterpenes: partial purification and properties of geraniol dehydrogenase from lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus Stapf.) leaves
J. Plant Physiol.
142
129-134
1993
Cymbopogon flexuosus
-
brenda
Sekiwa-Iijima, Y.; Aizawa, Y.; Kubota, K.
Geraniol dehydrogenase activity related to aroma formation in ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe)
J. Agric. Food Chem.
49
5902-5906
2001
Zingiber officinale
brenda
Singh, N.; Luthra, R.; Sangwan, R.S.
Oxidative pathways and essential oil biosynthesis in the developing Cymbopogon flexuosus leaf
Plant Physiol. Biochem.
28
703-710
1990
Cymbopogon flexuosus
-
brenda
Iijima, Y.; Wang, G.; Fridman, E.; Pichersky, E.
Analysis of the enzymatic formation of citral in the glands of sweet basil
Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
448
141-149
2006
Ocimum basilicum (Q2KNL6), Ocimum basilicum
brenda
Luan, F.; Mosandl, A.; Muench, A.; Wuest, M.
Metabolism of geraniol in grape berry mesocarp of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Scheurebe: demonstration of stereoselective reduction, E/Z-isomerization, oxidation and glycosylation
Phytochemistry
66
295-303
2005
Vitis vinifera
brenda
Noge, K.; Kato, M.; Mori, N.; Kataoka, M.; Tanaka, C.; Yamasue, Y.; Nishida, R.; Kuwahara, Y.
Geraniol dehydrogenase, the key enzyme in biosynthesis of the alarm pheromone, from the astigmatid mite Carpoglyphus lactis (Acari: Carpoglyphidae)
FEBS J.
275
2807-2817
2008
Carpoglyphus lactis (B2NI94), Carpoglyphus lactis
brenda
Hassan, M.; Maarof, N.D.; Ali, Z.M.; Noor, N.M.; Othman, R.; Mori, N.
Monoterpene alcohol metabolism: identification, purification, and characterization of two geraniol dehydrogenase isoenzymes from Polygonum minus leaves
Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem.
76
1463-1470
2012
Persicaria minor
brenda
Saito, Y.; Ito, S.; Koltunow, A.M.; Sakai, H.
Crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of geraniol dehydrogenase from Backhousia citriodora (lemon myrtle)
Acta Crystallogr. Sect. F
67
665-667
2011
Backhousia citriodora
brenda
Yamaguchi, K.; Kato, T.; Noma, S.; Igura, N.; Shimoda, M.
The effects of high hydrostatic pressure treatment on the flavor and color of grated ginger
Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem.
74
1981-1986
2010
Zingiber officinale
brenda
Wany, A.; Kumar, A.; Nigam, V.; Pandey, D.
Isolation and in silico characterization of geraniol dehydrogenase encoding gene using modified DNA extraction protocol from American Basil (Ocimum americanum L.)
Int. J. Pharm. Bio. Sci.
4
B365-B379
2013
Ocimum americanum (I3WEV0)
-
brenda
Zhou, J.; Wang, C.; Yoon, S.; Jang, H.; Choi, E.; Kim, S.
Engineering Escherichia coli for selective geraniol production with minimized endogenous dehydrogenation
J. Biotechnol.
169
42-50
2014
Escherichia coli (P27250)
brenda
Sato-Masumoto, N.; Ito, M.
Two types of alcohol dehydrogenase from Perilla can form citral and perillaldehyde
Phytochemistry
104
12-20
2014
Perilla frutescens (K9S1J6), Perilla frutescens 32 (K9S1J6), Perilla frutescens var. hirtella (K9RZL7), Perilla frutescens var. hirtella (K9S0X0), Perilla frutescens var. hirtella, Perilla frutescens var. hirtella 5031 (K9S0X0), Perilla frutescens var. hirtella 87 (K9RZL7)
brenda
Iijima, Y.; Koeduka, T.; Suzuki, H.; Kubota, K.
Biosynthesis of geranial, a potent aroma compound in ginger rhizome (Zingiber officinale): molecular cloning and characterization of geraniol dehydrogenase
Plant Biotechnol.
31
525-534
2014
Zingiber officinale, Zingiber officinale (A0A0E4B3N6)
-
brenda
Usami, A.; Ishikawa, M.; Hori, K.
Heterologous expression of geraniol dehydrogenase for identifying the metabolic pathways involved in the biotransformation of citral by Acinetobacter sp. Tol 5
Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem.
82
2012-2020
2018
Castellaniella defragrans
brenda
EXTERNAL LINKS (specific for EC-Number 1.1.1.183)
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