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Literature summary for 3.4.17.23 extracted from

  • Jia, H.P.; Look, D.C.; Tan, P.; Shi, L.; Hickey, M.; Gakhar, L.; Chappell, M.C.; Wohlford-Lenane, C.; McCray, P.B.
    Ectodomain shedding of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 in human airway epithelia (2009), Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol., 297, L84-L96.
    View publication on PubMedView publication on EuropePMC

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment) Organism
expression of wild-type and utant L584A ACE2 in HEK-293 cells Homo sapiens

Protein Variants

Protein Variants Comment Organism
L584A the point mutation in the ACE2 ectodomain markedly attenuates shedding. The resultant ACE2-L584A mutant trafficks to the cell membrane and facilitates SARS-CoV entry into target cells Homo sapiens
additional information construction of cytoplasmic tail deletion mutants by introduction of a stop codon at position amino acid 763. Construction of chimeric proteins containing portions of human ACE2 and portions of human CD4 or human beta-defensin-2, both showing loss of domain shedding Homo sapiens
N580A the mutation in the ectodomain has no effect on sACE2 release Homo sapiens
P583A the mutation in the ectodomain has no effect on sACE2 release Homo sapiens
R582A the mutation in the ectodomain has no effect on sACE2 release Homo sapiens
V581A the mutation in the ectodomain has no effect on sACE2 release Homo sapiens
V604A the mutation in the ectodomain has no effect on sACE2 release Homo sapiens

Localization

Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining
cell surface
-
Homo sapiens 9986
-
membrane ACE 2 is shedded Homo sapiens 16020
-
soluble ACE 2 is shedded Homo sapiens
-
-

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
additional information Homo sapiens ACE2 is a terminal carboxypeptidase and the receptor for the SARS and NL63 coronaviruses. Soluble sACE2 acts as receptor binding SARS-CoV glycoprotein S pseudotyped FIV virus and blocks virus infection of target cells ?
-
?

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Homo sapiens Q9BYF1
-
-

Posttranslational Modification

Posttranslational Modification Comment Organism
proteolytic modification ACE2 is is shed from human airway epithelia, constitutive generation of soluble ACE2 is inhibited by ADAM17 inhibitor DPC 333, i.e. (2R)-2-[(3R)-3-amino-3(4-[2-methyl-(4-quinolinyl) methoxy] phenyl)-2-oxopyrrolidinyl]-N-hydroxy-4-methylpentanamide, but not by while ADAM10 inhibitor GI254023, while phorbol ester, ionomycin, endotoxin, and IL-1beta and TNFalpha acutely induce ACE2 release, thus, the regulation of ACE2 cleavage involves a disintegrin and metalloprotease 17, ADAM17, and ADAM10, overview. The ACE2 ectodomain regulates its release and residue L584 might be part of a putative sheddase recognition motif Homo sapiens

Source Tissue

Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
bronchoalveolar lavage fluid
-
Homo sapiens
-
Calu-3 cell
-
Homo sapiens
-
epithelium from airway, apical surface Homo sapiens
-
HT-1080 cell
-
Homo sapiens
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
additional information ACE2 is a terminal carboxypeptidase and the receptor for the SARS and NL63 coronaviruses. Soluble sACE2 acts as receptor binding SARS-CoV glycoprotein S pseudotyped FIV virus and blocks virus infection of target cells Homo sapiens ?
-
?

Subunits

Subunits Comment Organism
More the membraneous enzyme contains an ectodomain which is cleaved in the shedding process resulting in the stille active soluble enzyme form, regulation, overview Homo sapiens

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
ACE2
-
Homo sapiens
angiotensin converting enzyme 2
-
Homo sapiens

General Information

General Information Comment Organism
malfunction loss of ACE2 function is implicated in severe acute respiratory syndrome, SARS, pathogenesis Homo sapiens
physiological function soluble sACE2 may play a role in modifying peptides in airway surface liquid involved in processes such as inflammation. The membrane-associated form of ACE2 serves as a SARS-CoV receptor in vitro, and shedding is not required for infection to occur Homo sapiens