Literature summary for 1.3.7.12 extracted from

H�rtensteiner, S.; Rodoni, S.; Schellenberg, M.; Vicentini, F.; Nandi, O.I.; Qui, Y.L.; Matile, P.
Evolution of chlorophyll degradation: the significance of RCC reductase (2000), Plant Biol., 2, 63-67.

No PubMed abstract available

Protein Variants

Protein Variants	Comment	Organism
additional information	in the homologous system with both components from barley leaves, the slightly more polar pFCC-1 is produced, whereas the combination of barley membranes with soluble protein from spinach yields the less polar pFCC-2	Hordeum vulgare
additional information	in the homologous system with both components from barley leaves, the slightly more polar pFCC-1 is produced, whereas the combination of barley membranes with soluble protein from spinach yields the less polar pFCC-2	Spinacia oleracea

Inhibitors

Inhibitors	Comment	Organism
additional information	inactivation of RCCR by secondary compounds during tissue homogenization	Euptelea
additional information	inactivation of RCCR by secondary compounds during tissue homogenization	Ginkgo biloba
additional information	inactivation of RCCR by secondary compounds during tissue homogenization	Metasequoia

Localization

Localization	Comment	Organism	GeneOntology No.	Textmining
chloroplast	-	Auxenochlorella protothecoides	9507	-
gerontoplast	membrane	Solanum lycopersicum	34400	-
gerontoplast	membrane	Selaginella sp.	34400	-
gerontoplast	membrane	Tropaeolum majus	34400	-
gerontoplast	membrane	Taxus sp.	34400	-
gerontoplast	membrane	Carex	34400	-
gerontoplast	membrane	Equisetum sp.	34400	-
gerontoplast	membrane	Cleome graveolens	34400	-
gerontoplast	-	Hordeum vulgare	34400	-
gerontoplast	-	Spinacia oleracea	34400	-
gerontoplast	-	Psilotum	34400	-
gerontoplast	-	Angiopteris	34400	-
gerontoplast	-	Equisetum sp.	34400	-
gerontoplast	-	Selaginella sp.	34400	-
gerontoplast	-	Taxus baccata	34400	-
gerontoplast	-	Cycas sp.	34400	-
gerontoplast	-	Cleome graveolens	34400	-
gerontoplast	-	Tropaeolum majus	34400	-
gerontoplast	-	Ginkgo biloba	34400	-
gerontoplast	-	Metasequoia	34400	-
gerontoplast	-	Euptelea	34400	-
gerontoplast	-	Picea	34400	-
membrane	-	Tropaeolum majus	16020	-
membrane	-	Carex	16020	-
membrane	-	Solanum lycopersicum	16020	-
membrane	-	Equisetum sp.	16020	-
membrane	-	Selaginella sp.	16020	-
membrane	-	Taxus sp.	16020	-
membrane	-	Cycas sp.	16020	-
membrane	-	Cleome graveolens	16020	-
soluble	-	Hordeum vulgare	-	-

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates	Organism	Comment (Nat. Sub.)	Natural Products	Comment (Nat. Pro.)	Rev.
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+	Hordeum vulgare	-	primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster	-	?
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+	Spinacia oleracea	-	primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster	-	?
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+	Psilotum	-	primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster	-	?
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+	Angiopteris	-	primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster	-	?
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+	Equisetum sp.	-	primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster	-	?
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+	Selaginella sp.	-	primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster	-	?
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+	Taxus baccata	-	primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster	-	?
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+	Cycas sp.	-	primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster	-	?
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+	Cleome graveolens	-	primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster	-	?
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+	Tropaeolum majus	-	primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster	-	?
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+	Ginkgo biloba	-	primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster	-	?
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+	Metasequoia	-	primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster	-	?
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+	Euptelea	-	primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster	-	?
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+	Auxenochlorella protothecoides	-	primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster	-	?
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+	Picea	-	primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster	-	?

Organism

Organism	UniProt	Comment	Textmining
Angiopteris	-	-	-
Auxenochlorella protothecoides	-	-	-
Carex	-	-	-
Cleome graveolens	-	-	-
Cycas sp.	-	-	-
Equisetum sp.	-	-	-
Euptelea	-	-	-
Ginkgo biloba	-	-	-
Hordeum vulgare	Q9MTQ6	-	-
Metasequoia	-	-	-
Picea	-	-	-
Psilotum	-	-	-
Selaginella sp.	-	-	-
Solanum lycopersicum	-	-	-
Spinacia oleracea	-	-	-
Taxus baccata	-	-	-
Taxus sp.	-	-	-
Tropaeolum majus	-	-	-

Source Tissue

Source Tissue	Comment	Organism	Textmining
cell culture	-	Auxenochlorella protothecoides	-
leaf	the enzyme is not only present in senescent leaves but also at other stages of leaf development	Tropaeolum majus	-
leaf	the enzyme is not only present in senescent leaves but also at other stages of leaf development	Carex	-
leaf	the enzyme is not only present in senescent leaves but also at other stages of leaf development	Solanum lycopersicum	-
leaf	the enzyme is not only present in senescent leaves but also at other stages of leaf development	Equisetum sp.	-
leaf	the enzyme is not only present in senescent leaves but also at other stages of leaf development	Selaginella sp.	-
leaf	the enzyme is not only present in senescent leaves but also at other stages of leaf development	Taxus sp.	-
leaf	the enzyme is not only present in senescent leaves but also at other stages of leaf development	Cycas sp.	-
leaf	the enzyme is not only present in senescent leaves but also at other stages of leaf development	Cleome graveolens	-
leaf	primary leaves of barley which had been induced to senesce in permanent darkness for 3 days. RCCR is a constitutive enzyme which is not only present in senescent leaves but also at other stages of leaf development	Hordeum vulgare	-
leaf	primary leaves of barley which had been induced to senesce in permanent darkness for 3 days. RCCR is a constitutive enzyme which is not only present in senescent leaves but also at other stages of leaf development	Spinacia oleracea	-
leaf	enzyme RCCR is a constitutive enzyme which is not only present in senescent leaves but also at other stages of leaf development	Psilotum	-
leaf	enzyme RCCR is a constitutive enzyme which is not only present in senescent leaves but also at other stages of leaf development	Angiopteris	-
leaf	enzyme RCCR is a constitutive enzyme which is not only present in senescent leaves but also at other stages of leaf development	Equisetum sp.	-
leaf	enzyme RCCR is a constitutive enzyme which is not only present in senescent leaves but also at other stages of leaf development	Selaginella sp.	-
leaf	enzyme RCCR is a constitutive enzyme which is not only present in senescent leaves but also at other stages of leaf development	Taxus baccata	-
leaf	enzyme RCCR is a constitutive enzyme which is not only present in senescent leaves but also at other stages of leaf development	Cycas sp.	-
leaf	enzyme RCCR is a constitutive enzyme which is not only present in senescent leaves but also at other stages of leaf development	Cleome graveolens	-
leaf	enzyme RCCR is a constitutive enzyme which is not only present in senescent leaves but also at other stages of leaf development	Tropaeolum majus	-
leaf	enzyme RCCR is a constitutive enzyme which is not only present in senescent leaves but also at other stages of leaf development	Ginkgo biloba	-
leaf	enzyme RCCR is a constitutive enzyme which is not only present in senescent leaves but also at other stages of leaf development	Metasequoia	-
leaf	enzyme RCCR is a constitutive enzyme which is not only present in senescent leaves but also at other stages of leaf development	Euptelea	-
leaf	enzyme RCCR is a constitutive enzyme which is not only present in senescent leaves but also at other stages of leaf development	Picea	-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates	Comment Substrates	Organism	Products	Comment (Products)	Rev.
additional information	when heterologous combinations of PaO and RCCR are tested, the type of primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite turns out to be invariably determined by the source of RCCR, i.e. the slightly more polar pFCC-1 or the less polar pFCC-2	Hordeum vulgare	?	-	?
additional information	when heterologous combinations of PaO and RCCR are tested, the type of primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite turns out to be invariably determined by the source of RCCR, i.e. the slightly more polar pFCC-1 or the less polar pFCC-2	Spinacia oleracea	?	-	?
additional information	when heterologous combinations of PaO and RCCR are tested, the type of primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite turns out to be invariably determined by the source of RCCR, i.e. the slightly more polar pFCC-1 or the less polar pFCC-2	Psilotum	?	-	?
additional information	when heterologous combinations of PaO and RCCR are tested, the type of primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite turns out to be invariably determined by the source of RCCR, i.e. the slightly more polar pFCC-1 or the less polar pFCC-2	Angiopteris	?	-	?
additional information	when heterologous combinations of PaO and RCCR are tested, the type of primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite turns out to be invariably determined by the source of RCCR, i.e. the slightly more polar pFCC-1 or the less polar pFCC-2	Equisetum sp.	?	-	?
additional information	when heterologous combinations of PaO and RCCR are tested, the type of primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite turns out to be invariably determined by the source of RCCR, i.e. the slightly more polar pFCC-1 or the less polar pFCC-2	Selaginella sp.	?	-	?
additional information	when heterologous combinations of PaO and RCCR are tested, the type of primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite turns out to be invariably determined by the source of RCCR, i.e. the slightly more polar pFCC-1 or the less polar pFCC-2	Taxus baccata	?	-	?
additional information	when heterologous combinations of PaO and RCCR are tested, the type of primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite turns out to be invariably determined by the source of RCCR, i.e. the slightly more polar pFCC-1 or the less polar pFCC-2	Cycas sp.	?	-	?
additional information	when heterologous combinations of PaO and RCCR are tested, the type of primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite turns out to be invariably determined by the source of RCCR, i.e. the slightly more polar pFCC-1 or the less polar pFCC-2	Cleome graveolens	?	-	?
additional information	when heterologous combinations of PaO and RCCR are tested, the type of primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite turns out to be invariably determined by the source of RCCR, i.e. the slightly more polar pFCC-1 or the less polar pFCC-2	Tropaeolum majus	?	-	?
additional information	when heterologous combinations of PaO and RCCR are tested, the type of primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite turns out to be invariably determined by the source of RCCR, i.e. the slightly more polar pFCC-1 or the less polar pFCC-2	Ginkgo biloba	?	-	?
additional information	when heterologous combinations of PaO and RCCR are tested, the type of primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite turns out to be invariably determined by the source of RCCR, i.e. the slightly more polar pFCC-1 or the less polar pFCC-2	Metasequoia	?	-	?
additional information	when heterologous combinations of PaO and RCCR are tested, the type of primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite turns out to be invariably determined by the source of RCCR, i.e. the slightly more polar pFCC-1 or the less polar pFCC-2	Euptelea	?	-	?
additional information	when heterologous combinations of PaO and RCCR are tested, the type of primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite turns out to be invariably determined by the source of RCCR, i.e. the slightly more polar pFCC-1 or the less polar pFCC-2	Auxenochlorella protothecoides	?	-	?
additional information	when heterologous combinations of PaO and RCCR are tested, the type of primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite turns out to be invariably determined by the source of RCCR, i.e. the slightly more polar pFCC-1 or the less polar pFCC-2	Picea	?	-	?
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+	-	Hordeum vulgare	primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster	-	?
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+	-	Spinacia oleracea	primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster	-	?
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+	-	Psilotum	primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster	-	?
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+	-	Angiopteris	primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster	-	?
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+	-	Equisetum sp.	primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster	-	?
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+	-	Selaginella sp.	primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster	-	?
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+	-	Taxus baccata	primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster	-	?
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+	-	Cycas sp.	primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster	-	?
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+	-	Cleome graveolens	primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster	-	?
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+	-	Tropaeolum majus	primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster	-	?
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+	-	Ginkgo biloba	primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster	-	?
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+	-	Metasequoia	primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster	-	?
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+	-	Euptelea	primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster	-	?
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+	-	Auxenochlorella protothecoides	primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster	-	?
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+	-	Picea	primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster	-	?
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+	-	Psilotum	primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster	catabolite pFCC-3	?
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+	-	Angiopteris	primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster	catabolite pFCC-3	?
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+	-	Equisetum sp.	primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster	catabolite pFCC-3	?
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+	-	Selaginella sp.	primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster	catabolite pFCC-3	?
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+	-	Taxus baccata	primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster	catabolite pFCC-3	?
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+	-	Cycas sp.	primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster	catabolite pFCC-3	?
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+	-	Cleome graveolens	primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster	catabolite pFCC-0, possible representing a modified version of either pFCC-1 or -2	?
red chlorophyll catabolite + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+	-	Tropaeolum majus	primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster	catabolite pFCC-0, possible representing a modified version of either pFCC-1 or -2	?

Synonyms

Synonyms	Comment	Organism
RCC reductase	-	Hordeum vulgare
RCC reductase	-	Spinacia oleracea
RCC reductase	-	Psilotum
RCC reductase	-	Angiopteris
RCC reductase	-	Equisetum sp.
RCC reductase	-	Selaginella sp.
RCC reductase	-	Taxus baccata
RCC reductase	-	Cycas sp.
RCC reductase	-	Cleome graveolens
RCC reductase	-	Tropaeolum majus
RCC reductase	-	Ginkgo biloba
RCC reductase	-	Metasequoia
RCC reductase	-	Euptelea
RCC reductase	-	Auxenochlorella protothecoides
RCC reductase	-	Picea
RCCR-1	-	Hordeum vulgare
RCCR-2	-	Picea

Temperature Optimum [°C]

Temperature Optimum [°C]	Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C]	Comment	Organism
22	-	assay at room temperature	Hordeum vulgare

pH Optimum

pH Optimum Minimum	pH Optimum Maximum	Comment	Organism
8	-	assay at	Hordeum vulgare

Cofactor

Cofactor	Comment	Organism
Ferredoxin	-	Hordeum vulgare
Ferredoxin	-	Spinacia oleracea
Ferredoxin	-	Psilotum
Ferredoxin	-	Angiopteris
Ferredoxin	-	Equisetum sp.
Ferredoxin	-	Selaginella sp.
Ferredoxin	-	Taxus baccata
Ferredoxin	-	Cycas sp.
Ferredoxin	-	Cleome graveolens
Ferredoxin	-	Tropaeolum majus
Ferredoxin	-	Ginkgo biloba
Ferredoxin	-	Metasequoia
Ferredoxin	-	Euptelea
Ferredoxin	-	Auxenochlorella protothecoides
Ferredoxin	-	Picea

General Information

General Information	Comment	Organism
evolution	evolutionary tree of vascular plants based on analysis of several molecular data sets for enzymes RCCR, overview. RCCR-1 appears to have evolved independently in some unrelated lineages. It has a restricted phylogenetic distribution and most likely represents recent derivations from RCC-2. Two forms of primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite, pFCC, are found in plants, the slightly more polar pFCC-1 or the less polar pFCC-2. A third form, pFCC-3 is found only in basal pteridophytes and in some gymnosperms, it seems to be produced by an ancestral type of RCCR. RCCR-1 appears to have evolved independently in some unrelated lineages. It has a restricted phylogenetic distribution and most likely represents recent derivations from RCCR-2. The situation within monocots appears to be quite clear cut. All the grasses and Carex tested are characterized by type 1 of RCCR, all other monocots produce pFCC-2	Hordeum vulgare
evolution	evolutionary tree of vascular plants based on analysis of several molecular data sets for enzymes RCCR, overview. RCCR-1 appears to have evolved independently in some unrelated lineages. It has a restricted phylogenetic distribution and most likely represents recent derivations from RCC-2. Two forms of primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite, pFCC, are found in plants, the slightly more polar pFCC-1 or the less polar pFCC-2. A third form, pFCC-3 is found only in basal pteridophytes and in some gymnosperms, it seems to be produced by an ancestral type of RCCR. RCCR-1 appears to have evolved independently in some unrelated lineages. It has a restricted phylogenetic distribution and most likely represents recent derivations from RCCR-2. The situation within monocots appears to be quite clear cut. All the grasses and Carex tested are characterized by type 1 of RCCR, all other monocots produce pFCC-2	Spinacia oleracea
evolution	evolutionary tree of vascular plants based on analysis of several molecular data sets for enzymes RCCR, overview. RCCR-1 appears to have evolved independently in some unrelated lineages. It has a restricted phylogenetic distribution and most likely represents recent derivations from RCC-2. Two forms of primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite, pFCC, are found in plants, the slightly more polar pFCC-1 or the less polar pFCC-2. A third form, pFCC-3 is found only in basal pteridophytes and in some gymnosperms, it seems to be produced by an ancestral type of RCCR. RCCR-1 appears to have evolved independently in some unrelated lineages. It has a restricted phylogenetic distribution and most likely represents recent derivations from RCCR-2. The situation within monocots appears to be quite clear cut. All the grasses and Carex tested are characterized by type 1 of RCCR, all other monocots produce pFCC-2	Psilotum
evolution	evolutionary tree of vascular plants based on analysis of several molecular data sets for enzymes RCCR, overview. RCCR-1 appears to have evolved independently in some unrelated lineages. It has a restricted phylogenetic distribution and most likely represents recent derivations from RCC-2. Two forms of primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite, pFCC, are found in plants, the slightly more polar pFCC-1 or the less polar pFCC-2. A third form, pFCC-3 is found only in basal pteridophytes and in some gymnosperms, it seems to be produced by an ancestral type of RCCR. RCCR-1 appears to have evolved independently in some unrelated lineages. It has a restricted phylogenetic distribution and most likely represents recent derivations from RCCR-2. The situation within monocots appears to be quite clear cut. All the grasses and Carex tested are characterized by type 1 of RCCR, all other monocots produce pFCC-2	Angiopteris
evolution	evolutionary tree of vascular plants based on analysis of several molecular data sets for enzymes RCCR, overview. RCCR-1 appears to have evolved independently in some unrelated lineages. It has a restricted phylogenetic distribution and most likely represents recent derivations from RCC-2. Two forms of primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite, pFCC, are found in plants, the slightly more polar pFCC-1 or the less polar pFCC-2. A third form, pFCC-3 is found only in basal pteridophytes and in some gymnosperms, it seems to be produced by an ancestral type of RCCR. RCCR-1 appears to have evolved independently in some unrelated lineages. It has a restricted phylogenetic distribution and most likely represents recent derivations from RCCR-2. The situation within monocots appears to be quite clear cut. All the grasses and Carex tested are characterized by type 1 of RCCR, all other monocots produce pFCC-2	Equisetum sp.
evolution	evolutionary tree of vascular plants based on analysis of several molecular data sets for enzymes RCCR, overview. RCCR-1 appears to have evolved independently in some unrelated lineages. It has a restricted phylogenetic distribution and most likely represents recent derivations from RCC-2. Two forms of primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite, pFCC, are found in plants, the slightly more polar pFCC-1 or the less polar pFCC-2. A third form, pFCC-3 is found only in basal pteridophytes and in some gymnosperms, it seems to be produced by an ancestral type of RCCR. RCCR-1 appears to have evolved independently in some unrelated lineages. It has a restricted phylogenetic distribution and most likely represents recent derivations from RCCR-2. The situation within monocots appears to be quite clear cut. All the grasses and Carex tested are characterized by type 1 of RCCR, all other monocots produce pFCC-2	Selaginella sp.
evolution	evolutionary tree of vascular plants based on analysis of several molecular data sets for enzymes RCCR, overview. RCCR-1 appears to have evolved independently in some unrelated lineages. It has a restricted phylogenetic distribution and most likely represents recent derivations from RCC-2. Two forms of primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite, pFCC, are found in plants, the slightly more polar pFCC-1 or the less polar pFCC-2. A third form, pFCC-3 is found only in basal pteridophytes and in some gymnosperms, it seems to be produced by an ancestral type of RCCR. RCCR-1 appears to have evolved independently in some unrelated lineages. It has a restricted phylogenetic distribution and most likely represents recent derivations from RCCR-2. The situation within monocots appears to be quite clear cut. All the grasses and Carex tested are characterized by type 1 of RCCR, all other monocots produce pFCC-2	Taxus baccata
evolution	evolutionary tree of vascular plants based on analysis of several molecular data sets for enzymes RCCR, overview. RCCR-1 appears to have evolved independently in some unrelated lineages. It has a restricted phylogenetic distribution and most likely represents recent derivations from RCC-2. Two forms of primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite, pFCC, are found in plants, the slightly more polar pFCC-1 or the less polar pFCC-2. A third form, pFCC-3 is found only in basal pteridophytes and in some gymnosperms, it seems to be produced by an ancestral type of RCCR. RCCR-1 appears to have evolved independently in some unrelated lineages. It has a restricted phylogenetic distribution and most likely represents recent derivations from RCCR-2. The situation within monocots appears to be quite clear cut. All the grasses and Carex tested are characterized by type 1 of RCCR, all other monocots produce pFCC-2	Cycas sp.
evolution	evolutionary tree of vascular plants based on analysis of several molecular data sets for enzymes RCCR, overview. RCCR-1 appears to have evolved independently in some unrelated lineages. It has a restricted phylogenetic distribution and most likely represents recent derivations from RCC-2. Two forms of primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite, pFCC, are found in plants, the slightly more polar pFCC-1 or the less polar pFCC-2. A third form, pFCC-3 is found only in basal pteridophytes and in some gymnosperms, it seems to be produced by an ancestral type of RCCR. RCCR-1 appears to have evolved independently in some unrelated lineages. It has a restricted phylogenetic distribution and most likely represents recent derivations from RCCR-2. The situation within monocots appears to be quite clear cut. All the grasses and Carex tested are characterized by type 1 of RCCR, all other monocots produce pFCC-2	Cleome graveolens
evolution	evolutionary tree of vascular plants based on analysis of several molecular data sets for enzymes RCCR, overview. RCCR-1 appears to have evolved independently in some unrelated lineages. It has a restricted phylogenetic distribution and most likely represents recent derivations from RCC-2. Two forms of primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite, pFCC, are found in plants, the slightly more polar pFCC-1 or the less polar pFCC-2. A third form, pFCC-3 is found only in basal pteridophytes and in some gymnosperms, it seems to be produced by an ancestral type of RCCR. RCCR-1 appears to have evolved independently in some unrelated lineages. It has a restricted phylogenetic distribution and most likely represents recent derivations from RCCR-2. The situation within monocots appears to be quite clear cut. All the grasses and Carex tested are characterized by type 1 of RCCR, all other monocots produce pFCC-2	Tropaeolum majus
evolution	evolutionary tree of vascular plants based on analysis of several molecular data sets for enzymes RCCR, overview. Two forms of primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite, pFCC, are found in plants, the slightly more polar pFCC-1 or the less polar pFCC-2. A third form, pFCC-3 is found only in basal pteridophytes and in some gymnosperms, it seems to be produced by an ancestral type of RCCR. RCCR-1 appears to have evolved independently in some unrelated lineages. It has a restricted phylogenetic distribution and most likely represents recent derivations from RCCR-2. The situation within monocots appears to be quite clear cut. All the grasses and Carex tested are characterized by type 1 of RCCR, all other monocots produce pFCC-2	Ginkgo biloba
evolution	evolutionary tree of vascular plants based on analysis of several molecular data sets for enzymes RCCR, overview. Two forms of primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite, pFCC, are found in plants, the slightly more polar pFCC-1 or the less polar pFCC-2. A third form, pFCC-3 is found only in basal pteridophytes and in some gymnosperms, it seems to be produced by an ancestral type of RCCR. RCCR-1 appears to have evolved independently in some unrelated lineages. It has a restricted phylogenetic distribution and most likely represents recent derivations from RCCR-2. The situation within monocots appears to be quite clear cut. All the grasses and Carex tested are characterized by type 1 of RCCR, all other monocots produce pFCC-2	Metasequoia
evolution	evolutionary tree of vascular plants based on analysis of several molecular data sets for enzymes RCCR, overview. Two forms of primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite, pFCC, are found in plants, the slightly more polar pFCC-1 or the less polar pFCC-2. A third form, pFCC-3 is found only in basal pteridophytes and in some gymnosperms, it seems to be produced by an ancestral type of RCCR. RCCR-1 appears to have evolved independently in some unrelated lineages. It has a restricted phylogenetic distribution and most likely represents recent derivations from RCCR-2. The situation within monocots appears to be quite clear cut. All the grasses and Carex tested are characterized by type 1 of RCCR, all other monocots produce pFCC-2	Euptelea
evolution	in chlorophyll breakdown, the basic mechanism of macrocycle cleavage appears to be the same in green algae and in angiosperms	Auxenochlorella protothecoides
evolution	evolutionary tree of vascular plants based on analysis of several molecular data sets for enzymes RCCR, overview. Two forms of primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite, pFCC, are found in plants, the slightly more polar pFCC-1 or the less polar pFCC-2. A third form, pFCC-3 is found only in basal pteridophytes and in some gymnosperms, it seems to be produced by an ancestral type of RCCR. RCCR-1 appears to have evolved independently in some unrelated lineages. It has a restricted phylogenetic distribution and most likely represents recent derivations from RCCR-2. The situation within monocots appears to be quite clear cut. All the grasses and Carex tested are characterized by type 1 of RCCR, all other monocots produce pFCC-2	Picea