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Literature summary for 1.1.1.37 extracted from

  • Beeler, S.; Liu, H.C.; Stadler, M.; Schreier, T.; Eicke, S.; Lue, W.L.; Truernit, E.; Zeeman, S.C.; Chen, J.; Koetting, O.
    Plastidial NAD-dependent malate dehydrogenase is critical for embryo development and heterotrophic metabolism in Arabidopsis (2014), Plant Physiol., 164, 1175-1190.
    View publication on PubMedView publication on EuropePMC

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment) Organism
quantitative reverse transcription PCR enzyme expression analyssis Arabidopsis thaliana

Localization

Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining
chloroplast
-
Arabidopsis thaliana 9507
-

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
(S)-malate + NAD+ Arabidopsis thaliana
-
oxaloacetate + NADH + H+
-
r
oxaloacetate + NADH + H+ Arabidopsis thaliana
-
(S)-malate + NAD+
-
r

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Arabidopsis thaliana Q9SN86
-
-

Source Tissue

Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
additional information isozyme pdNAD-MDH is expressed in green and nongreen tissues throughout development and the diurnal cycle Arabidopsis thaliana
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
(S)-malate + NAD+
-
Arabidopsis thaliana oxaloacetate + NADH + H+
-
r
(S)-malate + NAD+ reversible interconversion of malate and oxaloacetate Arabidopsis thaliana oxaloacetate + NADH + H+
-
r
oxaloacetate + NADH + H+
-
Arabidopsis thaliana (S)-malate + NAD+
-
r
oxaloacetate + NADH + H+ reversible interconversion of malate and oxaloacetate Arabidopsis thaliana (S)-malate + NAD+
-
r

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
pdNAD-MDH
-
Arabidopsis thaliana
plastidial NAD-dependent malate dehydrogenase
-
Arabidopsis thaliana

Cofactor

Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
NAD+
-
Arabidopsis thaliana
NADH
-
Arabidopsis thaliana

General Information

General Information Comment Organism
malfunction a pdnad-mdh null mutation is embryo lethal. Plants with reduced pdNAD-MDH levels by means of artificial microRNA (miR-mdh-1) are viable, but dark metabolism is altered as reflected by increased nighttime malate, starch, and glutathione levels and a reduced respiration rate. pdNAD-MDH Silencing Results in small and pale green plants, phenotype, overvew. In addition, miR-mdh-1 plants exhibit strong pleiotropic effects, including dwarfism, reductions in chlorophyll levels, photosynthetic rate, and daytime carbohydrate levels, and disordered chloroplast ultrastructure, particularly in developing leaves, compared with the wild type. pdNAD-MDH deficiency in miR-mdh-1 can be functionally complemented by expression of a microRNA-insensitive pdNAD-MDH but not NADP-MDH, confirming distinct roles for NAD- and NADP-linked redox homeostasis Arabidopsis thaliana
physiological function in illuminated chloroplasts, one mechanism involved in reduction-oxidation (redox) homeostasis is the malate-oxaloacetate shuttle. Excess electrons from photosynthetic electron transport in the form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, reduced are used by NADP-dependent malate dehydrogenase (MDH), EC 1.1.1.82, to reduce oxaloacetate to malate, thus regenerating the electron acceptor NADP. NADP-MDH is a strictly redox-regulated, light-activated enzyme that is inactive in the dark. In the dark or in nonphotosynthetic tissues, the malate-oxaloacetate shuttle was proposed to be mediated by the constitutively active plastidial NAD-specific MDH isoform (pdNAD-MDH), but evidence is scarce. Critical role of pdNAD-MDH in Arabidopsis thaliana plants. Distinct roles for NAD- and NADP-linked redox homeostasis. pdNAD-MDH influences chloroplast ultrastructure and photosynthetic metabolism Arabidopsis thaliana