Any feedback?
Please rate this page
(literature.php)
(0/150)

BRENDA support

Literature summary for 1.1.1.365 extracted from

  • Ishikawa, T.; Masumoto, I.; Iwasa, N.; Nishikawa, H.; Sawa, Y.; Shibata, H.; Nakamura, A.; Yabuta, Y.; Shigeoka, S.
    Functional characterization of D-galacturonic acid reductase, a key enzyme of the ascorbate biosynthesis pathway, from Euglena gracilis (2006), Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., 70, 2720-2726.
    View publication on PubMed
Search for more literature for 1.1.1.365

Activating Compound

Activating Compound Comment Organism Structure
H2O2 the enzyme is activated by 0.1 mM H2O2 Euglena gracilis
additional information not influenced by EDTA, BCS, dithiothreiol, , and p-chloromercuribenzoate, L-GalL, and AsA Euglena gracilis

Inhibitors

Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
N-ethylmaleimide 84% residual activity at 1 mM Euglena gracilis

KM Value [mM]

KM Value [mM] KM Value Maximum [mM] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
0.0625
-
 NADPH in 50 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.2), at 25°C Euglena gracilis
3.79
-
 D-galacturonate in 50 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.2), at 25°C Euglena gracilis
4.67
-
 D-glucuronate in 50 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.2), at 25°C Euglena gracilis
8.48
-
 D-xylose in 50 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.2), at 25°C Euglena gracilis

Metals/Ions

Metals/Ions Comment Organism Structure
Cu2+ 135.3% activity at 5 mM Euglena gracilis
additional information not influenced by Ca2+, Co2+, Mn2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, and Fe2+ Euglena gracilis

Molecular Weight [Da]

Molecular Weight [Da] Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] Comment Organism
38000
-
 1 * 38000, SDS-PAGE Euglena gracilis
39000
-
 gel filtration Euglena gracilis

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
D-galacturonate + NADPH + H+ Euglena gracilis
-
 L-galactonate + NADP+
-
 ir
D-galacturonate + NADPH + H+ Euglena gracilis Z
-
 L-galactonate + NADP+
-
 ir

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Euglena gracilis
-
-
-
Euglena gracilis Z
-
-
-

Purification (Commentary)

Purification (Comment) Organism
CM-Sepharose column chromatography, ammonium sulfate precipitation, butyl Toyopearl column chromatography, and HiTrap Blue column chromatography Euglena gracilis

Source Tissue

Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining

Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]

Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] Comment Organism
0.00422
-
 crude extract, at pH 7.2 and at 25°C Euglena gracilis
0.671
-
 after 159fold purification, at pH 7.2 and at 25°C Euglena gracilis

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
D-galactose + NADPH + H+ 14.9% activity compared to D-glucuronate Euglena gracilis ?
-
 ir
D-galactose + NADPH + H+ 14.9% activity compared to D-glucuronate Euglena gracilis Z ?
-
 ir
D-galacturonate + NADH + H+ 17.7% activity compared to NADPH Euglena gracilis L-galactonate + NAD+
-
 ir
D-galacturonate + NADPH + H+
-
 Euglena gracilis L-galactonate + NADP+
-
 ir
D-galacturonate + NADPH + H+ 100% activity Euglena gracilis L-galactonate + NADP+
-
 ir
D-galacturonate + NADPH + H+
-
 Euglena gracilis Z L-galactonate + NADP+
-
 ir
D-glucose + NADPH + H+ 14.6% activity compared to D-glucuronate Euglena gracilis ?
-
 ir
D-glucose + NADPH + H+ 14.6% activity compared to D-glucuronate Euglena gracilis Z ?
-
 ir
D-glucuronate + NADPH + H+ 82.4% activity compared to D-glucuronate Euglena gracilis ?
-
 ?
D-glucuronate + NADPH + H+ 82.4% activity compared to D-glucuronate Euglena gracilis Z ?
-
 ?
D-xylose + NADPH + H+ 29.9% activity compared to D-glucuronate Euglena gracilis ?
-
 ?
DL-glyceraldehyde + NADPH + H+ 14.2% activity compared to D-glucuronate Euglena gracilis ?
-
 ir
L-arabinose + NADPH + H+ 14.2% activity compared to D-glucuronate Euglena gracilis ?
-
 ir
L-galactose + NADPH + H+ 18.8% activity compared to D-glucuronate Euglena gracilis ?
-
 ir
additional information the enzyme does not catalyze the reverse reaction with L-galactonate and NADP+ and does not utilize 4-nitrobenzaldehyde or menadione Euglena gracilis ?
-
 ?
additional information the enzyme does not catalyze the reverse reaction with L-galactonate and NADP+ and does not utilize 4-nitrobenzaldehyde or menadione Euglena gracilis Z ?
-
 ?

Subunits

Subunits Comment Organism
monomer 1 * 38000, SDS-PAGE Euglena gracilis

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
D-galacturonic acid reductase
-
 Euglena gracilis

Turnover Number [1/s]

Turnover Number Minimum [1/s] Turnover Number Maximum [1/s] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
0.06
-
 D-xylose in 50 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.2), at 25°C Euglena gracilis
0.19
-
 D-glucuronate in 50 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.2), at 25°C Euglena gracilis
0.19
-
 D-galacturonate in 50 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.2), at 25°C Euglena gracilis

pH Optimum

pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
7.2
-
-
 Euglena gracilis

pH Range

pH Minimum pH Maximum Comment Organism
6.5 9 about 75, 65 and 18.5% of maximum activity at pH 6.5, 8.0 and 9.0, respectively Euglena gracilis

Cofactor

Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
NADPH the enzyme prefers NADPH over NADH (ratio of 10 to 1.8) Euglena gracilis

Expression

Organism Comment Expression
Euglena gracilis the enzyme is not regulated by L-galactono-1,4-lactone and ascorbate additional information

General Information

General Information Comment Organism
metabolism D-galacturonic acid reductase is a key enzyme of the ascorbate biosynthesis pathway Euglena gracilis

kcat/KM [mM/s]

kcat/KM Value [1/mMs-1] kcat/KM Value Maximum [1/mMs-1] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
0.00697
-
 D-xylose in 50 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.2), at 25°C Euglena gracilis
0.04135
-
 D-glucuronate in 50 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.2), at 25°C Euglena gracilis
0.05095
-
 D-galacturonate in 50 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.2), at 25°C Euglena gracilis