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Information on EC 1.14.19.44 - acyl-CoA (8-3)-desaturase
for references in articles please use BRENDA:EC1.14.19.44
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EC Tree 1 Oxidoreductases
1.14 Acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen
1.14.19 With oxidation of a pair of donors resulting in the reduction of O2 to two molecules of water
1.14.19.44 acyl-CoA (8-3)-desaturase
IUBMB Comments
The enzyme introduces a cis double bond at carbon 5 of acyl-CoAs that contain a double bond at position 8. The enzymes from algae, mosses, mammals and the protozoan Leishmania major catalyse the desaturation of dihomo-γ-linoleate [(8Z,11Z,14Z)-icosa-8,11,14-trienoate] and (8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosa-8,11,14,17-tetraenoate to generate arachidonate and (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosa-5,8,11,14,17-pentaenoate, respectively. The enzyme contains a cytochrome b5 domain that acts as the direct electron donor to the desaturase active site and does not require an external cytochrome. cf. EC 1.14.19.37, acyl-CoA 5-desaturase.
The enzyme appears in viruses and cellular organisms
- 1.14.19.44
-
6-desaturase
-
polyunsaturated
- phospholipid
-
arachidonic
-
linoleic
-
pufas
-
eicosapentaenoic
-
5-desaturation
- omega
-
desaturases
-
docosahexaenoic
-
dihomo-gamma-linolenic
-
gamma-linolenic
-
eicosatrienoic
-
alpha-linolenic
-
eicosa-8,11,14-trienoic
-
coconut
- linoleoyl-coa
-
linseed
-
fat-free
- elongase
- safflower
Reaction Schemes
show+
2
+
+
2
=
+
2
+
2
+
2
+
+
2
=
+
2
+
2
Synonyms
delta 5-desaturase, more
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SYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
acyl-CoA 5-desaturase
acyl-CoA 5-desaturase (methylene-interrupted)
-
-
-
-
D5D
DELTA 5-desaturase
delta-5 desaturase
DELTA5-desaturase
FADDELTA5
FADS1
FADS1
-
-
-
-
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
(8Z,11Z,14Z)-icosa-8,11,14-trienoyl-CoA + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+ = arachidonoyl-CoA + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H2O
(1)
-
-
-
(8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosa-8,11,14,17-tetraenoyl-CoA + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+ = (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosa-5,8,11,14,17-pentaenoyl-CoA + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H2O
(2)
-
-
-
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PATHWAY SOURCE
PATHWAYS
MetaCyc
arachidonate biosynthesis III (6-desaturase, mammals), arachidonate biosynthesis V (8-detaturase, mammals), icosapentaenoate biosynthesis II (6-desaturase, mammals), icosapentaenoate biosynthesis III (8-desaturase, mammals)
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
DELTA8-acyl-CoA,ferrocytochrome b5:oxygen oxidoreductase (5,6-cis-dehydrogenating)
The enzyme introduces a cis double bond at carbon 5 of acyl-CoAs that contain a double bond at position 8. The enzymes from algae, mosses, mammals and the protozoan Leishmania major catalyse the desaturation of dihomo-gamma-linoleate [(8Z,11Z,14Z)-icosa-8,11,14-trienoate] and (8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosa-8,11,14,17-tetraenoate to generate arachidonate and (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosa-5,8,11,14,17-pentaenoate, respectively. The enzyme contains a cytochrome b5 domain that acts as the direct electron donor to the desaturase active site and does not require an external cytochrome. cf. EC 1.14.19.37, acyl-CoA 5-desaturase.
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
COMMENTARY
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
(8Z,11Z,14Z)-icosa-8,11,14-trienoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
arachidonoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
(8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosa-8,11,14,17-tetraenoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosa-5,8,11,14,17-pentaenoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
alpha-linolenoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
eicosapentaenoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
dihomo-gamma linolenoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
arachidonoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
arachidonic acid + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
dihomo-gamma-linolenoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
arachidonoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
dihomo-gamma-linolenoyl-phospholipid + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
arachidonic acid-phospholipid + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
docosapentaenoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
docosahexanoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
eicosatetraenoic acid + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
eicosapentaenoic acid + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
eicosatetraenoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
eicosapentaenoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
eicosatetraenoyl-phospholipid + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
eicosapentaenoyl-phospholipid + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
(8Z,11Z,14Z)-icosa-8,11,14-trienoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
arachidonoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
(8Z,11Z,14Z)-icosa-8,11,14-trienoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
arachidonoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
(8Z,11Z,14Z)-icosa-8,11,14-trienoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
arachidonoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
(8Z,11Z,14Z)-icosa-8,11,14-trienoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
arachidonoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
(8Z,11Z,14Z)-icosa-8,11,14-trienoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
arachidonoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
(8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosa-8,11,14,17-tetraenoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosa-5,8,11,14,17-pentaenoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
(8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosa-8,11,14,17-tetraenoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosa-5,8,11,14,17-pentaenoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
(8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosa-8,11,14,17-tetraenoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosa-5,8,11,14,17-pentaenoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
(8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosa-8,11,14,17-tetraenoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosa-5,8,11,14,17-pentaenoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
(8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosa-8,11,14,17-tetraenoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosa-5,8,11,14,17-pentaenoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
dihomo-gamma-linolenoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
arachidonoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
dihomo-gamma-linolenoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
arachidonoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
dihomo-gamma-linolenoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
arachidonoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
dihomo-gamma-linolenoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
arachidonoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
dihomo-gamma-linolenoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
arachidonoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
dihomo-gamma-linolenoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
arachidonoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
dihomo-gamma-linolenoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
arachidonoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
dihomo-gamma-linolenoyl-phospholipid + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
arachidonic acid-phospholipid + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
dihomo-gamma-linolenoyl-phospholipid + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
arachidonic acid-phospholipid + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
dihomo-gamma-linolenoyl-phospholipid + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
arachidonic acid-phospholipid + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
dihomo-gamma-linolenoyl-phospholipid + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
arachidonic acid-phospholipid + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
dihomo-gamma-linolenoyl-phospholipid + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
arachidonic acid-phospholipid + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
eicosatetraenoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
eicosapentaenoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
eicosatetraenoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
eicosapentaenoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
eicosatetraenoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
eicosapentaenoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
eicosatetraenoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
eicosapentaenoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
eicosatetraenoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
eicosapentaenoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
eicosatetraenoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
eicosapentaenoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
eicosatetraenoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
eicosapentaenoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
eicosatetraenoyl-phospholipid + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
eicosapentaenoyl-phospholipid + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
eicosatetraenoyl-phospholipid + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
eicosapentaenoyl-phospholipid + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
eicosatetraenoyl-phospholipid + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
eicosapentaenoyl-phospholipid + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
eicosatetraenoyl-phospholipid + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
eicosapentaenoyl-phospholipid + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
eicosatetraenoyl-phospholipid + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
eicosapentaenoyl-phospholipid + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
Substrates: the enzyme does not accept phospholipid-bound substrates
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
Substrates: the enzyme is promiscuous toward the acyl carrier substrate but prefers phospholipid-bound substrates
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
Substrates: the enzyme is promiscuous toward the acyl carrier substrate but prefers phospholipid-bound substrates
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: the enzyme is promiscuous toward the acyl carrier substrate but prefers phospholipid-bound substrates
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: the enzyme is promiscuous toward the acyl carrier substrate but prefers phospholipid-bound substrates
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: the enzyme promiscuous toward the acyl carrier substrate but prefers phospholipid-bound substrates
Products: -
Products: -
?
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NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
COMMENTARY
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
(8Z,11Z,14Z)-icosa-8,11,14-trienoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
arachidonoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
(8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosa-8,11,14,17-tetraenoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosa-5,8,11,14,17-pentaenoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
(8Z,11Z,14Z)-icosa-8,11,14-trienoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
arachidonoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
(8Z,11Z,14Z)-icosa-8,11,14-trienoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
arachidonoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
(8Z,11Z,14Z)-icosa-8,11,14-trienoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
arachidonoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
(8Z,11Z,14Z)-icosa-8,11,14-trienoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
arachidonoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
(8Z,11Z,14Z)-icosa-8,11,14-trienoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
arachidonoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
(8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosa-8,11,14,17-tetraenoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosa-5,8,11,14,17-pentaenoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
(8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosa-8,11,14,17-tetraenoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosa-5,8,11,14,17-pentaenoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
(8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosa-8,11,14,17-tetraenoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosa-5,8,11,14,17-pentaenoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
(8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosa-8,11,14,17-tetraenoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosa-5,8,11,14,17-pentaenoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
(8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosa-8,11,14,17-tetraenoyl-CoA + ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + H+
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosa-5,8,11,14,17-pentaenoyl-CoA + ferricytochrome b5 + H2O
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
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COFACTOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
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SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SOURCE
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LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
Highest Expressing Human Cell Lines
Cell Line LinksPlease wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
metabolism
physiological function
-
FADS1 is associated with circulating polyunsaturated fatty acid and lipid levels
metabolism
-
isoform FADS1 alternative transcript 1 enhances desaturation of isoform FADS2 , leading to increased production of eicosanoid precursors
metabolism
-
isoform FADS1 alternative transcript 1 enhances desaturation of isoform FADS2 , leading to increased production of eicosanoid precursors
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UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable).
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable). FAD2_SIGCA
445
3
52005
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 2)
FAT4_CAEEL
447
4
52348
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 1)
FADS1_MOUSE
447
4
52323
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 3)
FADS1_PAPAN
444
3
51869
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 2)
FADS1_RAT
447
3
52482
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 3)
FADS2_DANRE
444
3
52032
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 2)
FAD1_SIGCA
443
3
51872
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 3)
FADS1_HUMAN
444
3
51964
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 2)
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MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
54000
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SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells
expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain CEN.PK 113-5D
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EXPRESSION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
when rats are fed a diet containing 10% safflower oil or menhaden fish oil, the level of hepatic mRNA for DELTA-5 desaturase is 25% of that found in the liver of rats fed a fat-free diet or a diet containing triolein
-
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REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Tripodi, K.E.; Buttigliero, L.V.; Altabe, S.G.; Uttaro, A.D.
Functional characterization of front-end desaturases from trypanosomatids depicts the first polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthetic pathway from a parasitic protozoan
FEBS J.
273
271-280
2006
Leishmania major, Leishmania major Friedlin
brenda
Tavares, S.; Grotkjaer, T.; Obsen, T.; Haslam, R.; Napier, J.; Gunnarsson, N.
Metabolic engineering of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for production of eicosapentaenoic acid, using a novel DELTA5-desaturase from Paramecium tetraurelia
Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
77
1854-1861
2011
Paramecium tetraurelia, Ostreococcus tauri, Ostreococcus sp. 'lucimarinus', Mortierella alpina (D5KSD5), Leishmania major (Q4QIH7), Mortierella alpina CBS 608.70 (D5KSD5)
brenda
Cho, H.; Nakamura, M.; Clarke, S.
Cloning, expression, and fatty acid regulation of the human DELTA-5 desaturase
J. Biol. Chem.
274
37335-37339
1999
Homo sapiens, Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Park, W.J.; Kothapalli, K.S.; Reardon, H.T.; Lawrence, P.; Qian, S.B.; Brenna, J.T.
A novel FADS1 isoform potentiates FADS2-mediated production of eicosanoid precursor fatty acids
J. Lipid Res.
53
1502-1512
2012
Homo sapiens, Papio anubis
brenda
Zhu, J.; Sun, Q.; Zong, G.; Si, Y.; Liu, C.; Qi, Q.; Ye, X.; Sun, L.; Sheng, H.; Li, H.; Lin, X.
Interaction between a common variant in FADS1 and erythrocyte polyunsaturated fatty acids on lipid profile in Chinese Hans
J. Lipid Res.
54
1477-1483
2013
Homo sapiens
brenda
Freemantle, E.; Lalovic, A.; Mechawar, N.; Turecki, G.
Age and haplotype variations within FADS1 interact and associate with alterations in fatty acid composition in human male cortical brain tissue
PLoS ONE
7
e42696
2012
Homo sapiens
brenda
EXTERNAL LINKS (specific for EC-Number 1.14.19.44)
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