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Information on EC 1.1.1.78 - methylglyoxal reductase (NADH)
for references in articles please use BRENDA:EC1.1.1.78
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EC Tree 1 Oxidoreductases
1.1 Acting on the CH-OH group of donors
1.1.1 With NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor
1.1.1.78 methylglyoxal reductase (NADH)
IUBMB Comments
This mammalian enzyme differs from the yeast enzyme, EC 1.1.1.283, methylglyoxal reductase (NADPH), by its cosubstrate requirement, reaction direction, and enantiomeric preference.
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Eukaryota, Bacteria
showSynonyms
mgr, methylglyoxal reductase, mgr ii, mgr i, more
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SYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
D-lactaldehyde dehydrogenase
-
-
-
-
dehydrogenase, D-lactaldehyde
-
-
-
-
methylglyoxal reductase
-
-
-
-
MGR
-
-
-
-
MGR I
-
-
-
-
MGR II
-
-
-
-
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
(R)-lactaldehyde + NAD+ = 2-oxopropanal + NADH + H+
similar enzyme with NADPH-requirement for methylglyoxal reduction, that is inactive with NAD+, NADH and NADP+
-
(R)-lactaldehyde + NAD+ = 2-oxopropanal + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
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REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
oxidation
-
-
-
-
redox reaction
-
-
-
-
reduction
-
-
-
-
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
(R)-lactaldehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase
This mammalian enzyme differs from the yeast enzyme, EC 1.1.1.283, methylglyoxal reductase (NADPH), by its cosubstrate requirement, reaction direction, and enantiomeric preference.
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
37250-16-1
-
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
COMMENTARY
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
methylglyoxal + NADPH + H+
(R)-lactataldehyde + NADP+
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
methylglyoxal + NADH
(R)-lactaldehyde + NAD+
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
phenylglyoxal + NADH
hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde + NAD+
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
phenylglyoxal + NADH
hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde + NAD+
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: NADH better substrate than NADPH
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: enzyme utilizes both: NADH and NADPH
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: specific for lactaldehyde
Products: -
Products: -
?
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NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
COMMENTARY
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
methylglyoxal + NADH
(R)-lactaldehyde + NAD+
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
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COFACTOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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ACTIVATING COMPOUND
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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DISEASE
TITLE OF PUBLICATION
LINK TO PUBMED
Alzheimer Disease
Membrane-Associated Effects of Glucocorticoid on BACE1 Upregulation and A? Generation: Involvement of Lipid Raft-Mediated CREB Activation.
Arthritis, Rheumatoid
The moderate intestinal side effects of auranofin do not require prophylactic therapy with a bulkforming agent. Dutch Ridaura Study Group.
Brain Edema
Prolonged hyperglycemia in the early subacute period after cerebral infarction: effects on short term prognosis.
Diabetes Mellitus
Hypoglycemic effects of malonyl-ginsenosides extracted from roots of Panax ginseng on streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice.
Duodenal Ulcer
Eradication of Campylobacter pylori and recurrence of duodenal ulcer. A six-month follow-up study.
Lymphoma
Immunoaffinity isolation of native membrane glucocorticoid receptor from S-49++ lymphoma cells: biochemical characterization and interaction with Hsp 70 and Hsp 90.
Lymphoma
Use of receptor antibodies to demonstrate membrane glucocorticoid receptor in cells from human leukemic patients.
Malnutrition
Effects of undernutrition on diaphragm fiber size, SDH activity, and fatigue resistance.
Marfan Syndrome
Aortic wall mechanics and composition in a transgenic mouse model of Marfan syndrome.
Marfan Syndrome
Induction of macrophage chemotaxis by aortic extracts from patients with Marfan syndrome is related to elastin binding protein.
Melanoma
Pretreatment metastatic growth rate determines clinical outcome of advanced melanoma patients treated with anti-PD-1 antibodies: a multicenter cohort study.
Neoplasm Metastasis
Pretreatment metastatic growth rate determines clinical outcome of advanced melanoma patients treated with anti-PD-1 antibodies: a multicenter cohort study.
Neoplasms
Characteristics of clinically node negative breast cancer patients needing preoperative MRI.
Neoplasms
Genetic characterization of adenovirus transformed cell revertants resistant to methylglyoxal bis(guanylhydrazone): evidence for the involvement of three genetic loci.
Neoplasms
Pretreatment metastatic growth rate determines clinical outcome of advanced melanoma patients treated with anti-PD-1 antibodies: a multicenter cohort study.
Obesity, Morbid
Major microbiota dysbiosis in severe obesity: fate after bariatric surgery.
Osteoporosis
[Multicenter comparative study of synthetic salmon calcitonin administered nasally in the treatment of established postmenopausal osteoporosis]
Papilloma
[Lysozyme in the treatment of juvenile laryngeal papillomatosis. A new concept in its etiopathogenesis]
Pulmonary Emphysema
Enhanced Notch3 signaling contributes to pulmonary emphysema in a Murine Model of Marfan syndrome.
Scoliosis
Management of progressive late onset scoliosis with magnetic growth rod insertion leading to improvement of neural anomalies-a case report.
Syringomyelia
Management of progressive late onset scoliosis with magnetic growth rod insertion leading to improvement of neural anomalies-a case report.
Typhoid Fever
Unsaturated vitamin B12 binding capacity and serum lysozyme activity during the marrow granulocytes reserve tests.
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KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
11
-
in the oxidation of D-lactaldehyde, increase of reaction rate up to pH 11
6.5
7
-
similar enzyme with NADPH-requirement for methylglyoxal reduction, that is inactive with NAD+, NADH and NADP+
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pH RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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TEMPERATURE RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
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SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SOURCE
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LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
Highest Expressing Human Cell Lines
Cell Line LinksPlease wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable).
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable). ADH1_YEAST
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c)
348
0
36849
Swiss-Prot
-
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MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
43000
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SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
dimer
monomer
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pH STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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TEMPERATURE STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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STORAGE STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
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PURIFICATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
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CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
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REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Tran-Din, K.; Gottschalk, G.
Formation of D(-)-1,2-propanediol and D(-)-lactate from glucose by Clostridium sphenoides under phosphate limitation
Arch. Microbiol.
142
87-92
1985
Lacrimispora sphenoides
-
brenda
Ting, S.M.; Miller, O.N.; Sellinger, O.Z.
The metabolism of lactaldehyde: VII. The oxidation of D-lactaldehyde in rat liver
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
97
407-415
1965
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Ray, M.; Ray, S.
Purification and partial characterization of a methylglyoxal reductase from goat liver
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
802
119-127
1984
Capra hircus
brenda
Kato, H.; Miyauchi, Y.; Nishimura, T.; Liang, Z.Q.
Purification and partial characterization of NADH-dependent methylglyoxal-reducing enzyme from porcine liver
Agric. Biol. Chem.
52
2641-2642
1988
Sus scrofa
-
brenda
Saikusa, T.; Rhee, H.; Watanabe, K.; Murata, K.; Kimura, A.
Metabolism of 2-oxoaldehydes in bacteria: purification and characterization of methylglyoxal reductase from Escherichia coli
Agric. Biol. Chem.
51
1893-1899
1987
Escherichia coli
-
brenda
Chen, C.N.; Porubleva, L.; Shearer, G.; Svrakic, M.; Holden, L.G.; Dover, J.L.; Johnston, M.; Chitnis, P.R.; Kohl, D.H.
Associating protein activities with their genes: rapid identification of a gene encoding a methylglyoxal reductase in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Yeast
20
545-554
2003
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
brenda
EXTERNAL LINKS (specific for EC-Number 1.1.1.78)
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