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(2S)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
(2R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate + NAD+
(2S)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate + NADPH + H+
(2R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate + NADP+
(S)-2-acetolactate + NADH + H+
2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate + NAD+
(S)-2-acetolactate + NADPH + H+
2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate + NADP+
(2S)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+

(2R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate + NAD+
-
Substrates: (2S)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate i.e. (2S)-2-acetolactate
Products: -
?
(2S)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
(2R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate + NAD+
-
Substrates: (2S)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate i.e. (2S)-2-acetolactate
Products: -
?
(2S)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
(2R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate + NAD+
-
Substrates: (2S)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate i.e. (2S)-2-acetolactate
Products: -
?
(2S)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate + NADPH + H+

(2R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate + NADP+
-
Substrates: (2S)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate i.e. (2S)-2-acetolactate
Products: -
?
(2S)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate + NADPH + H+
(2R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate + NADP+
-
Substrates: (2S)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate i.e. (2S)-2-acetolactate
Products: -
?
(2S)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate + NADPH + H+
(2R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate + NADP+
-
Substrates: (2S)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate i.e. (2S)-2-acetolactate
Products: -
?
(S)-2-acetolactate + NADH + H+

2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate + NAD+
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
(S)-2-acetolactate + NADH + H+
2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate + NAD+
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
(S)-2-acetolactate + NADH + H+
2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate + NAD+
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
(S)-2-acetolactate + NADH + H+
2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate + NAD+
A0KS29
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
(S)-2-acetolactate + NADH + H+
2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate + NAD+
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
(S)-2-acetolactate + NADH + H+
2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate + NAD+
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
(S)-2-acetolactate + NADPH + H+

2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate + NADP+
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
(S)-2-acetolactate + NADPH + H+
2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate + NADP+
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
(S)-2-acetolactate + NADPH + H+
2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate + NADP+
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
(S)-2-acetolactate + NADPH + H+
2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate + NADP+
A0KS29
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
(S)-2-acetolactate + NADPH + H+
2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate + NADP+
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
(S)-2-acetolactate + NADPH + H+
2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate + NADP+
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
additional information
NADH
0.015
NADH

mutant V48L/R49P/K52L/S53D/E59K/T182S/E320K, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.024
NADH
-
pH 7, temperature not specified in the publication, cosubstrate: (2S)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate
0.026
NADH
mutant A71S/R76D/S78D/Q110V/D146G/G185R/K433E , pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.03
NADH
mutant A71S/R76D/S78D/Q110V, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.03
NADH
mutant A71S/R76D/S78D/Q110V, pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
0.039
NADH
-
pH 7, temperature not specified in the publication, cosubstrate: (2S)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate
0.04
NADH
mutant A71S/R76D/S78D/Q110A, pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
0.045
NADH
wild-type, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.047
NADH
mutant S61D/S63D/I95V, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.065
NADH
mutant S78D/Q110V, pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
0.075
NADH
A0KS29
mutant A71S/R76D/S78AD/Q110V, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.09
NADH
A0KS29
mutant R76D/Ser78D, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.108
NADH
mutant V48L/R49P/K52L/S53D, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.113
NADH
mutant S61D/S63D, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.128
NADH
mutant V48L/R49P/K52E/S53D, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.13
NADH
mutant S78D, pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
0.14
NADH
mutant Q110V, pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
0.28
NADH
mutant Q110A, pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
0.285
NADH
wild-type, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.415
NADH
A0KS29
wild-type, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
1.075
NADH
wild-type, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
1.08
NADH
wild-type, pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
0.001
NADPH

A0KS29
wild-type, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.001
NADPH
wild-type, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.013
NADPH
wild-type, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.013
NADPH
mutant Q110V, pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
0.024
NADPH
mutant Q110A, pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
0.031
NADPH
-
pH 7, temperature not specified in the publication, cosubstrate: (2S)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate
0.04
NADPH
wild-type, pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
0.041
NADPH
wild-type, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.046
NADPH
-
pH 7, temperature not specified in the publication, cosubstrate: (2S)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate
0.065
NADPH
mutant S78D/Q110V, pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
0.57
NADPH
mutant A71S/R76D/S78D/Q110A, pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
0.6
NADPH
A0KS29
mutant A71S/R76D/S78AD/Q110V, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.65
NADPH
mutant A71S/R76D/S78D/Q110V, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.65
NADPH
mutant A71S/R76D/S78D/Q110V, pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
0.66
NADPH
mutant S78D, pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
0.75
NADPH
mutant V48L/R49P/K52L/S53D/E59K/T182S/E320K, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.88
NADPH
mutant S61D/S63D, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
1
NADPH
A0KS29
mutant R76D/Ser78D, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
1
NADPH
mutant S61D/S63D/I95V, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
1
NADPH
mutant V48L/R49P/K52L/S53D, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
1.18
NADPH
mutant V48L/R49P/K52E/S53D, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
1.4
NADPH
mutant A71S/R76D/S78D/Q110V/D146G/G185R/K433E , pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
additional information
NADH

-
Km-value for NADH is below 0.001 mM, pH 7, temperature not specified in the publication, cosubstrate: (2S)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate
additional information
NADPH
-
Km-value for NADPH is below 0.001 mM, pH 7, temperature not specified in the publication, cosubstrate: (2S)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
0.02
NADH

-
pH 7, temperature not specified in the publication, cosubstrate: (2S)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate
0.06
NADH
-
pH 7, temperature not specified in the publication, cosubstrate: (2S)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate
0.1
NADH
wild-type, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.12
NADH
-
pH 7, temperature not specified in the publication, cosubstrate: (2S)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate
0.3
NADH
wild-type, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.3
NADH
wild-type, pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
0.35
NADH
mutant V48L/R49P/K52E/S53D, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.4
NADH
mutant V48L/R49P/K52L/S53D, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.41
NADH
wild-type, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.97
NADH
mutant S61D/S63D, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
1.01
NADH
mutant S61D/S63D/I95V, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
1.07
NADH
mutant V48L/R49P/K52L/S53D/E59K/T182S/E320K, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
1.1
NADH
A0KS29
wild-type, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
1.3
NADH
A0KS29
mutant R76D/Ser78D, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
2
NADH
mutant S78D/Q110V, pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
2.3
NADH
mutant A71S/R76D/S78D/Q110V, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
2.3
NADH
mutant A71S/R76D/S78D/Q110V, pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
2.4
NADH
A0KS29
mutant A71S/R76D/S78AD/Q110V, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
2.6
NADH
mutant A71S/R76D/S78D/Q110A, pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
3.1
NADH
mutant Q110A, pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
3.3
NADH
mutant Q110V, pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
3.6
NADH
mutant S78D, pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
4.3
NADH
mutant A71S/R76D/S78D/Q110V/D146G/G185R/K433E , pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.03
NADPH

-
pH 7, temperature not specified in the publication, cosubstrate: (2S)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate
0.06
NADPH
mutant V48L/R49P/K52E/S53D, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.07
NADPH
-
pH 7, temperature not specified in the publication, cosubstrate: (2S)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate
0.08
NADPH
mutant V48L/R49P/K52L/S53D, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.1
NADPH
A0KS29
mutant R76D/Ser78D, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.1
NADPH
mutant S61D/S63D, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.12
NADPH
-
pH 7, temperature not specified in the publication, cosubstrate: (2S)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate
0.2
NADPH
mutant A71S/R76D/S78D/Q110V, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.2
NADPH
mutant A71S/R76D/S78D/Q110V, pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
0.25
NADPH
mutant S61D/S63D/I95V, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.3
NADPH
A0KS29
mutant A71S/R76D/S78AD/Q110V, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.35
NADPH
mutant V48L/R49P/K52L/S53D/E59K/T182S/E320K, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.54
NADPH
mutant A71S/R76D/S78D/Q110V/D146G/G185R/K433E , pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.6
NADPH
mutant A71S/R76D/S78D/Q110A, pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
0.8
NADPH
wild-type, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.8
NADPH
wild-type, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
2.2
NADPH
mutant S78D/Q110V, pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
2.5
NADPH
mutant S78D, pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
3.6
NADPH
wild-type, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
3.6
NADPH
wild-type, pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
4.5
NADPH
A0KS29
wild-type, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
7.2
NADPH
mutant Q110V, pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
7.2
NADPH
mutant Q110A, pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
additional information
NADH
0.3
NADH

wild-type, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.3
NADH
wild-type, pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
0.43
NADH
wild-type, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
2.5
NADH
-
pH 7, temperature not specified in the publication, cosubstrate: (2S)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate
2.6
NADH
A0KS29
wild-type, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
2.7
NADH
mutant V48L/R49P/K52E/S53D, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
3.2
NADH
-
pH 7, temperature not specified in the publication, cosubstrate: (2S)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate
3.7
NADH
mutant V48L/R49P/K52L/S53D, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
9
NADH
wild-type, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
9
NADH
mutant S61D/S63D, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
11
NADH
mutant Q110A, pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
14
NADH
A0KS29
mutant R76D/Ser78D, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
22
NADH
mutant S61D/S63D/I95V, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
24.8
NADH
mutant Q110V, pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
27.6
NADH
mutant S78D, pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
31.8
NADH
mutant S78D/Q110V, pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
32
NADH
A0KS29
mutant A71S/R76D/S78AD/Q110V, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
60.3
NADH
mutant A71S/R76D/S78D/Q110A, pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
71
NADH
mutant V48L/R49P/K52L/S53D/E59K/T182S/E320K, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
74
NADH
mutant A71S/R76D/S78D/Q110V, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
74
NADH
mutant A71S/R76D/S78D/Q110V, pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
165
NADH
mutant A71S/R76D/S78D/Q110V/D146G/G185R/K433E , pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.05
NADPH

mutant V48L/R49P/K52E/S53D, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.08
NADPH
mutant V48L/R49P/K52L/S53D, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.11
NADPH
mutant S61D/S63D, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.17
NADPH
A0KS29
mutant R76D/Ser78D, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.25
NADPH
mutant S61D/S63D/I95V, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.4
NADPH
mutant A71S/R76D/S78D/Q110V, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.4
NADPH
mutant A71S/R76D/S78D/Q110V/D146G/G185R/K433E , pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.47
NADPH
mutant V48L/R49P/K52L/S53D/E59K/T182S/E320K, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.5
NADPH
A0KS29
mutant A71S/R76D/S78AD/Q110V, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.5
NADPH
mutant A71S/R76D/S78D/Q110V, pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
1.1
NADPH
mutant A71S/R76D/S78D/Q110A, pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
2.1
NADPH
-
pH 7, temperature not specified in the publication, cosubstrate: (2S)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate
2.7
NADPH
-
pH 7, temperature not specified in the publication, cosubstrate: (2S)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate
3.8
NADPH
mutant S78D, pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
34.2
NADPH
mutant S78D/Q110V, pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
65
NADPH
wild-type, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
87.3
NADPH
wild-type, pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
88
NADPH
wild-type, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
302
NADPH
mutant Q110A, pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
569
NADPH
mutant Q110V, pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication
800
NADPH
wild-type, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
4500
NADPH
A0KS29
wild-type, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
additional information
NADH

-
kcat/Km-value for NADH is above 20/mM*s, pH 7, temperature not specified in the publication, cosubstrate: (2S)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate
additional information
NADPH
-
kcat/Km-value for NADPH is above 25/mM*s, pH 7, temperature not specified in the publication, cosubstrate: (2S)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
A71S
mutant engineered to use NADH instead of NADPH
A71S/R76D/S78D/Q110A
mutant engineered to use NADH instead of NADPH
A71S/R76D/S78D/Q110V/D146G/G185R/K433E
mutant engineered for reversal in cofactor specificity for NADH over NADPH
Q110A
mutant engineered to use NADH instead of NADPH
Q110V
mutant engineered to use NADH instead of NADPH
R76D
mutant engineered to use NADH instead of NADPH
S78D
mutant engineered to use NADH instead of NADPH
S78D/Q110V
mutant engineered to use NADH instead of NADPH
V48L/R49P/K52E/S53D
mutant engineered for reversal in cofactor specificity for NADH over NADPH
V48L/R49P/K52L/S53D
mutant engineered for reversal in cofactor specificity for NADH over NADPH
V48L/R49P/K52L/S53D/E59K/T182S/E320K
mutant engineered for reversal in cofactor specificity for NADH over NADPH
V48L/R49P/K52E/S53D
-
mutant engineered for reversal in cofactor specificity for NADH over NADPH
-
V48L/R49P/K52L/S53D
-
mutant engineered for reversal in cofactor specificity for NADH over NADPH
-
V48L/R49P/K52L/S53D/E59K/T182S/E320K
-
mutant engineered for reversal in cofactor specificity for NADH over NADPH
-
A71S/R76D/S78AD/Q110V
A0KS29
mutant engineered for reversal in cofactor specificity for NADH over NADPH
R76D/Ser78D
A0KS29
mutant engineered for reversal in cofactor specificity for NADH over NADPH
S61D/S63D
mutant engineered for reversal in cofactor specificity for NADH over NADPH
S61D/S63D/I95V
mutant engineered for reversal in cofactor specificity for NADH over NADPH
S61D/S63D
-
mutant engineered for reversal in cofactor specificity for NADH over NADPH
-
S61D/S63D/I95V
-
mutant engineered for reversal in cofactor specificity for NADH over NADPH
-
additional information
recipe for altering the cofactor specificity of the ketol-acid reductoisomerases (KARIs). Combining results for an engineered NADH-dependent variant of Escherichia coli KARI with available KARI crystal structures and a comprehensive KARI-sequence alignment, key cofactor specificity determinants are identified and used to construct KARIs with reversed cofactor preference
A71S/R76D/S78D/Q110V

strain engineered to switch the cofactor specificity fromNADPH to NADH, application in an engineered Escherichia coli strain, enabling comprehensive utilization of the biomass for biofuel applications
A71S/R76D/S78D/Q110V
mutant engineered for reversal in cofactor specificity for NADH over NADPH
A71S/R76D/S78D/Q110V
mutant engineered to use NADH instead of NADPH
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Cahn, J.K.; Brinkmann-Chen, S.; Spatzal, T.; Wiig, J.A.; Buller, A.R.; Einsle, O.; Hu, Y.; Ribbe, M.W.; Arnold, F.H.
Cofactor specificity motifs and the induced fit mechanism in Class I ketol-acid reductoisomerases
Biochem. J.
468
475-484
2015
Azotobacter vinelandii (C1DFH7), Azotobacter vinelandii ATCC BAA-1303 (C1DFH7)
brenda
Brinkmann-Chen, S.; Cahn, J.K.; Arnold, F.H.
Uncovering rare NADH-preferring ketol-acid reductoisomerases
Metab. Eng.
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Hydrogenobaculum sp. Y04AAS1, Ignisphaera aggregans, Metallosphaera sedula
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Wu, W.; Tran-Gyamfi, M.; Jaryenneh, J.; Davis, R.
Cofactor engineering of ketol-acid reductoisomerase (IlvC) and alcohol dehydrogenase (YqhD) improves the fusel alcohol yield in algal protein anaerobic fermentation
Algal Res.
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2016
Escherichia coli (P05793)
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Milne, N.; Wahl, S.; van Maris, A.; Pronk, J.; Daran, J.
Excessive by-product formation: A key contributor to low isobutanol yields of engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains
Metab. Eng. Commun.
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2016
Escherichia coli (P05793)
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brenda
Bastian, S.; Liu, X.; Meyerowitz, J.; Snow, C.; Chen, M.; Arnold, F.
Engineered ketol-acid reductoisomerase and alcohol dehydrogenase enable anaerobic 2-methylpropan-1-ol production at theoretical yield in Escherichia coli
Metab. Eng.
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2011
Escherichia coli (P05793)
brenda
Brinkmann-Chen, S.; Flock, T.; Cahn, J.; Snow, C.; Brustad, E.; McIntosh, J.; Meinhold, P.; Zhang, L.; Arnold, F.
General approach to reversing ketol-acid reductoisomerase cofactor dependence from NADPH to NADH
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
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2013
Escherichia coli (P05793), Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis (Q02138), Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis IL1403 (Q02138), Shewanella sp. (A0KS29), Slackia exigua (D0WGK0), Slackia exigua DSM 15923 (D0WGK0)
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