Information on EC 1.1.1.38 - malate dehydrogenase (oxaloacetate-decarboxylating)

(S)-malate + NADP+

CO2 + pyruvate + NADPH

(S)-malate + NADP+

pyruvate + CO2 + NADPH

Substrates: -
Products: -

?

(S)-malate + nicotinamide cytosine dinucleotide

?

Substrates: -
Products: -

r

Oxaloacetate

CO2 + pyruvate

32 entries

oxaloacetate + NADH

(S)-malate + NAD+

-

Substrates: divalent metal ions are required
Products: -

?

oxaloacetate + NADH

L-malate + NAD+

-

Substrates: -
Products: -

?

pyruvate + CO2 + NADH

(S)-malate + NAD+

Substrates: -
Products: -

r

pyruvate + CO2 + NADH + H+

(S)-malate + NAD+

pyruvate + NADH + H+

(S)-lactate + NAD+

pyruvate + NADH + H+

L-lactate + NAD+

(S)-malate + NAD+

CO2 + pyruvate + NADH

29 entries

(S)-malate + NAD+

pyruvate + CO2 + NADH

7 entries

(S)-malate + NAD+

pyruvate + CO2 + NADH + H+

Mus musculus

Q99KE1

760840

Substrates: -
Products: -

r

(S)-malate + NADP+

CO2 + pyruvate + NADPH

-

Substrates: 20% activity compared to cofactor NAD+
Products: -

?

(S)-malate + NADP+

pyruvate + CO2 + NADPH

Substrates: -
Products: -

?

Oxaloacetate

CO2 + pyruvate

28 entries

oxaloacetate + NADH

L-malate + NAD+

-

Substrates: -
Products: -

?

pyruvate + CO2 + NADH

(S)-malate + NAD+

Substrates: -
Products: -

r

pyruvate + CO2 + NADH + H+

(S)-malate + NAD+

pyruvate + NADH + H+

L-lactate + NAD+

NAD+

NADH

NADP+

NADPH

nicotinamide cytosine dinucleotide

-

additional information

-

Co2+

Cs+

-

30 mM Na+L-malate instead of K+L-malate reduces enzyme activity to 18% in the presence of 3 mM MnCl2, activity is restored with 5 or 50 mM CsCl

K+

-

30 mM Na+L-malate instead of K+L-malate reduces enzyme activity to 18% in the presence of 3 mM MnCl2, activity is restored with 50 mM KCl

Mg2+

Mn2+

Ni2+

-

requirement for divalent cation

Zn2+

-

requirement for divalent cation

1,10-phenanthroline

-

0.025 mM, 70% activity lost after 5 min

1-(5-O-phosphono-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)-4-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1H-1,2,3-triazole

-

2-methylbutanoate

-

5.22 mM, competitive inhibitor, 60% inhibition at pH 7.5, 54% inhibition at pH 7.0

286693

2-methylpentanoate

-

5.22 mM, competitive inhibitor, 45% inhibition at pH 7.5, 40% inhibition at pH 7.0

286693

4,4'-dithiodipyridine

-

sulfhydryl reagent, rapid and complete loss of activity, presence of Mg2+ or Mn2+ enhances inactivation rate

286687

4-(2-aminophenyl)-1-(5-O-phosphono-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazole

-

4-(2-fluorophenyl)-1-(5-O-phosphono-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazole

-

4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-(5-O-phosphono-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazole

-

4-(2-methylphenyl)-1-(5-O-phosphono-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazole

-

4-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(5-O-phosphono-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazole

-

4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-(5-O-phosphono-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazole

-

4-(naphthalen-1-yl)-1-(5-O-phosphono-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazole

-

4-phenyl-1-(5-O-phosphono-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazole

-

5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid)

acetyl-CoA

ADP

AgNO3

-

inhibition with 20 mM, complete inhibition with 300 mM

286679

AMP

ATP

Ca2+

-

Cl-

-

competitive vs. malate and NAD+

CoA

Cu2+

D-malate

-

competitive inhibition

diethyldicarbonate

-

80% inactivation after treatment with 5 mM diethyldicarbonate for 25 min, biphasic inactivation, 40-50% inactivation in first phase, 1-2 histidine residues are acylated by diethyldicarbonate, 250 mM malate provides complete protection, 50% protection with 50 mM MgSO4, 55% enzyme activity is restored with 0.5 M hydroxylamine

286684

iodoacetate

malonate

-

competitive inhibition

N-acetyl-1-(5-O-phosphono-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-amine

-

N-benzoyl-1-(5-O-phosphono-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-amine

-

N-ethylmaleimide

oxaloacetate

p-(chloromercuri)benzoate

succinate

5 entries

Tartronate

-

competitive inhibition vs. malate, noncompetitve vs. NAD+

286686

tiglic acid

-

5.22 mM, competitive inhibitor, 58% inhibition at pH 7.5, 52% inhibition at pH 7.0

286693

UTP

Zn2+

-

5 mM ZnCl2

additional information

4 entries

-

5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid)

-

0.5 mM, 2.7fold increase in oxaloacetate reduction activity

alpha-methyl-DL-aspartate

-

1.35fold activation

286694

aspartate

7 entries

ATP

Urochloa panicoides

-

68% activation, 2 mM ATP, 0.005 mM CoA, 5 mM malate, 2 mM NAD+, 4 mM Mn2+

286683

beta-methyl-DL-aspartate

-

1.34fold activation

286694

CoA

D-Aspartate

-

2 mM, 1.27fold activation

fumarate

L-aspartate

N-ethylmaleimide

-

1 mM, 8.9fold increase in oxaloacetate reduction activity

NH4+

-

30 mM Na+L-malate instead of K+L-malate reduces enzyme activity to 18% in the presence of 3 mM MnCl2, activity is restored with 5 or 50 mM NH4Cl

p-chloromercuribenzoate

-

0.02 mM, 2.5fold increase in oxaloacetate reduction activity

phosphoenolpyruvate

-

0.5 mM

succinate

-

UTP

-

35% activation, 2 mM UTP, 0.005 mM CoA, 5 mM malate, 2 mM NAD+, 4 mM Mn2+

286683

additional information

-

0.42 - 15.6

(S)-malate

5 entries

0.19 - 50

L-malate

32 entries

0.12 - 0.32

Mn2+

0.004 - 17.2

NAD+

28 entries

0.025 - 1.4

NADH

5 entries

2.3

NADP+

-

0.13 - 102

nicotinamide cytosine dinucleotide

2.1 - 5

oxaloacetate

additional information

-

5 - 134.4

(S)-malate

4 entries

130

L-malate

-

native and recombinant enzyme

0.02 - 57.3

NAD+

0.12 - 26.1

nicotinamide cytosine dinucleotide

28 - 30

oxaloacetate

0.06 - 0.09

pyruvate

0.02 - 214.8

NAD+

0.02 - 169.9

nicotinamide cytosine dinucleotide

0.017

-

water stress plants at daytime or at nighttime

0.036

-

control plants at daytime

0.07

-

pyruvate reduction

0.076

-

286682

0.107

-

control plants at nighttime

0.2

-

286696

0.46

Amaranthus cruentus

-

below, extract from leaves under continuous light conditions

656977

0.545

-

0.58

Amaranthus cruentus

-

below, leaf extract

656977

1.7

-

oxaloacetate reduction

Leuconostoc mesenteroides

17.5

-

170

-

177

-

2.3

-

30

Erwinia aroidea

-

32

35

-

38.5

-

recombinant enzyme

3900

-

286699

5.5

Klebsiella aerogenes

-

Agrobacterium tumefaciens

65

-

Clostridium tetanomorphum

7

-

70

-

8.1

-

9

-

93

-

4

-

oxaloacetate reduction

5

-

pyruvate reduction

7

assay at

7.2

7.3

-

assay at

7.3 - 7.6

7.4

7.5

7.6

7.8

-

6.9 - 8

Agrobacterium tumefaciens

-

over 70% of maximal activity within this range

25

30

37

assay at

-

-

-

-

-

-

Brevundimonas diminuta

-

699052

-

Brevundimonas diminuta IFO13182

-

699052

-

Citrobacter freundii

-

Clostridium tetanomorphum

-

-

-

Digitaria sanguinalis

-

286691

-

Eleusine indica

-

286691

-

Eriochloa borumensis

-

286691

-

Erwinia aroidea

-

-

-

-

-

286692, 689861

-

Klebsiella aerogenes IFO 3320

-

286692, 286694, 286697

-

-

UniProt

-

-

-

-

-

286695, 286699

-

Lactiplantibacillus plantarum B38

-

Leuconostoc mesenteroides

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

UniProt

-

-

-

-

-

-

Schizosaccharomyces pombe

-

286696

-

-

286680

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

enzyme is necessary for symbiotic N2-fixation in alfalfa nodules

-

-

-

-

additional information

-

no activity in chloroplasts and nuclei

-

Highest Expressing Human Cell Lines

Filter by:

Cell Line Links

Gene Links

malfunction

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

metabolism

Mus musculus

Q99KE1

isoform Me2 funnels glucose carbons into malate-aspartate shuttle to sustain glycolysis

760840

physiological function

Mus musculus

Q99KE1

the mitochondrial malic enzyme isoform Me2 functionally couples the mitochondria with aerobic glycolysis in osteoblasts

760840

additional information

Aster yellows witches\'-broom phytoplasma AYWB

Pyrococcus horikoshii

140000

Klebsiella aerogenes

-

gel filtration

180000

Proteus vulgaris

-

gel filtration

190000

Citrobacter freundii

-

gel filtration

198000

-

low speed sedimentation equilibrium

200000

203000

-

sucrose density gradient centrifugation

220000

240000

Klebsiella aerogenes

-

gel filtration

260000

-

tetrameric recombinant His6-tagged enzyme, native PAGE

500000

-

octameric recombinant His6-tagged enzyme, native PAGE

Agrobacterium tumefaciens

580000

-

gel filtration

65000

-

monomeric recombinant His6-tagged enzyme, native PAGE

Clostridium tetanomorphum

84000

-

gel filtration

dimer and tetramer

-

oligomer

-

x * 65000, recombinant His6-tagged enzyme, SDS-PAGE, monomer, homotetramer, and homooctamer enzyme fomrs exist in solution

N434A

with N434A, the interaction of the residue with malate is lost, causing the malate to reorient itself, leading to a slower decarboxylation step

N479Q

the Kmalate value for the N479Q mutant enzyme increases by 2.2fold compared to the wild type enzyme, the KNAD value for the N479Q mutant enzyme increases by 1.1fold compared to the wild type enzyme

N479S

the Kmalate value for the N479Q mutant enzyme increases by 2.1fold compared to the wild type enzyme, the KNAD value for the N479Q mutant enzyme increases by 1.8fold compared to the wild type enzyme

S433A

the KNAD value for the S433A mutant enzyme increases by 80fold compared to the wild type enzyme, indicating that this residue provides significant binding affinity for the dinucleotide

L310R

the mutant strongly prefers nicotinamide cytosine dinucleotide as cofactor over NAD+

L310R/Q401C

L310R/R346A/Q401C

the mutant prefers nicotinamide cytosine dinucleotide as cofactor over NAD+

L310R/R346D/Q401C

the mutant prefers nicotinamide cytosine dinucleotide as cofactor over NAD+

L310R/R346F/Q401C

the mutant strongly prefers nicotinamide cytosine dinucleotide as cofactor over NAD+

L310R/R346K/Q401C

the mutant strongly prefers nicotinamide cytosine dinucleotide as cofactor over NAD+

L310R/R346Y/Q401C

the mutant strongly prefers nicotinamide cytosine dinucleotide as cofactor over NAD+

Schizosaccharomyces pombe

K57S/E59N/K73E/D102S

Homo sapiens

P23368

site-directed mutagenesis

737754

G444A

-

inactive enzyme

286680

additional information

generation of Me2 single and double knockdown cell lines, thereby generating cel lines Me22124(H)/Me22124(P) and Me22124(H)/Me2-654(P), overview. Me2 mRNA and ME2 enzyme activity are drastically reduced in the double-knockdown cell lines Me2-2124(H)/Me2-2124(P) and Me2-2124(H)/Me2-456(P). Me3 mRNA is slightly reduced in these two cell lines, whereas Me1 mRNA and ME1 enzyme activity are not affected. Resident siRNA might interfere with the expression of the siRNA expressed from the second vector. Knockdown of isozyme ME3, EC 1.1.1.40, but not ME1 or ME2 (both EC 1.1.1.39) alone or together, inhibits insulin release stimulated by glucose, pyruvate or 2-aminobicyclo [2,2,1]heptane-2-carboxylic acid-plus-glutamine

50

-

22% activity left after 4 min, 80% activity left in the presence of 10 mM L-aspartate and 1 mM MnCl2, 78% activity left in the presence of 0.7 mM CoA

286694

enzyme is reversibly inhibited by air oxidation, activity is completely restored in 30 min by the addition of 2 mM dithiotreitol

-

286697

-20°C, 15 mM triethanolamine-maleate, pH 7.5, 1 mM EDTA, 10 mM dithiotreitol, 5% glycerol, several months, no loss of activity

-

286685

4°C, 50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.4, 1 mM EDTA, 10 mM 2-mercaptoethanol, 10 mM MgCl2, 5 mM L-aspartate, 2 months, 10% activity lost

-

4°C, 50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.4, 1 mM EDTA, 10 mM 2-mercaptoethanol, 2 months, 15% activity lost

-

4°C, 50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.4, 1 month, 90% activity lost

-

38-40°c treatment, ammonium sulfate, protamine sulfate precipitation, calcium phosphate gel, ammonium sulfate

-

286699

ammonium sulfate, DEAE-cellulose, Blue-B agarose, Orange-A agarose

Leuconostoc mesenteroides

-

286681

DEAE Sepharose CL-6B column chromatography, and Q Sepharose column chromatography

Brevundimonas diminuta

-

699052

MnCl2 precipitation, protaminsulfate precipitation, Sephadex G-25, hydroxylapatite

-

MnCl2 precipitation, protaminsulfate precipitation, Sephadex G-25, Sephadex G-200, hydroxylapatite

-

protamine sulfate precipitation, ammonium sulfate precipitation, DEAE-cellulose

-

286696

recombinant C-terminally His6-tagged enzyme from Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3) by nickel affinity chromatography, dialysis, and ultrafiltration

Homo sapiens

P23368

737754

recombinant His6-tagged enzyme from strain BL21(DE3) by nickel affinity chromatography and ultrafiltration to 95% purity

-

streptomycin sulfate ammonium sulfate, Phenyl-sepharose, Orange-A-Sepharose

-

streptomycin, ammonium sulfate, heat treatment, acid treatment, calcium phosphate gel, DEAE-sephadex, hydroxylapatite, Sepharose 6B

-

expressed in Escherichia coli

-

expression of His6-tagged enzyme in strain BL21(DE3) as mainly soluble protein

-

gene ME2, quantitative RT-PCR expression analysis of isozymes Me1, Me2, and Me3 in wild-type strain and mutant Me2 strains

overexpressed in Escherichia coli

-