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EC 1.14.19.43 Details

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EC number

1.14.19.43

Accepted name

palmitoyl-[glycerolipid] 3-(E)-desaturase

Reaction

a 1-acyl-2-palmitoyl-[glycerolipid] + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + O₂ + 2 H⁺ = a 1-acyl-2-[(3E)-hexadec-3-enoyl]-[glycerolipid] + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H₂O

Other name(s)

FAD4

Systematic name

1-acyl-2-palmitoyl-[glycerolipid],ferredoxin:oxygen oxidoreductase (3,4-trans -dehydrogenating)

Comment

The enzyme introduces an unusual trans double bond at carbon 3 of a palmitoyl group attached to the sn-2 position of glycerolipids. The enzyme from the plant Arabidopsis thaliana is specific for palmitate in phosphatidylglycerol. The enzyme from tobacco can also accept oleate and α-linolenate if present at the sn-2 position of phosphatidylglycerol [1].

History

created 2015

EC Tree

1 Oxidoreductases

1.1 Acting on the CH-OH group of donors

1.2 Acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors

1.3 Acting on the CH-CH group of donors

1.4 Acting on the CH-NH₂ group of donors

1.4.1 With NAD⁺ or NADP⁺ as acceptor

1.4.2 With a cytochrome as acceptor

1.4.3 With oxygen as acceptor

1.4.4 With a disulfide as acceptor

1.4.5 With a quinone or other compound as acceptor

1.4.7 With an iron-sulfur protein as acceptor

1.4.9 With a copper protein as acceptor

1.4.98. undefined

1.4.99 With unknown physiological acceptors

1.4.99.1 D-amino-acid dehydrogenase

1.4.99.2 taurine dehydrogenase

1.4.99.3 amine dehydrogenase

1.4.99.4 aralkylamine dehydrogenase

1.4.99.5 glycine dehydrogenase (cyanide-forming)

1.4.99.6 D-arginine dehydrogenase

1.5 Acting on the CH-NH group of donors

1.6 Acting on NADH or NADPH

1.7 Acting on other nitrogenous compounds as donors

1.8 Acting on a sulfur group of donors

1.9 Acting on a heme group of donors

1.10 Acting on diphenols and related substances as donors

1.11 Acting on a peroxide as acceptor

1.12 Acting on hydrogen as donor

1.13 Acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen (oxygenases)

1.14 Acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen

1.14.1 With NADH or NADPH as one donor (deleted sub-subclass)

1.14.2 With ascorbate as one donor (deleted sub-subclass)

1.14.3 With reduced pteridine as one donor (deleted sub-subclass)

1.14.11 With 2-oxoglutarate as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen into each donor

1.14.12 With NADH or NADPH as one donor, and incorporation of two atoms of oxygen into the other donor

1.14.13 With NADH or NADPH as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen into the other donor

1.14.14 With reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen into the other donor

1.14.15 With reduced iron-sulfur protein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen into the other donor

1.14.16 With reduced pteridine as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen into the other donor

1.14.17 With reduced ascorbate as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen into the other donor

1.14.18 With another compound as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen into the other donor

1.14.19 With oxidation of a pair of donors resulting in the reduction of O₂ to two molecules of water

1.14.19.1 stearoyl-CoA 9-desaturase

1.14.19.2 stearoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] 9-desaturase

1.14.19.3 acyl-CoA 6-desaturase

1.14.19.4 acyl-lipid (11-3)-desaturase

1.14.19.5 acyl-CoA 11-(Z)-desaturase

1.14.19.6 acyl-CoA (9+3)-desaturase

1.14.19.7 (S)-2-hydroxypropylphosphonic acid epoxidase

1.14.19.8 pentalenolactone synthase

1.14.19.9 tryptophan 7-halogenase

1.14.19.10 icosanoyl-CoA 5-desaturase

1.14.19.11 acyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] 4-desaturase

1.14.19.12 acyl-lipid ω-(9-4) desaturase

1.14.19.13 acyl-CoA 15-desaturase

1.14.19.14 linoleoyl-lipid Δ⁹ conjugase

1.14.19.15 (11Z)-hexadec-11-enoyl-CoA conjugase

1.14.19.16 linoleoyl-lipid Δ¹² conjugase (11E,13Z-forming)

1.14.19.17 sphingolipid 4-desaturase

1.14.19.18 sphingolipid 8-(E)-desaturase

1.14.19.19 sphingolipid 10-desaturase

1.14.19.20 Δ⁷-sterol 5(6)-desaturase

1.14.19.21 cholesterol 7-desaturase

1.14.19.22 acyl-lipid ω-6 desaturase (cytochrome b₅)

1.14.19.23 acyl-lipid (n+3)-(Z)-desaturase (ferredoxin)

1.14.19.24 acyl-CoA 11-(E)-desaturase

1.14.19.25 acyl-lipid ω-3 desaturase (cytochrome b₅)

1.14.19.26 acyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] 6-desaturase

1.14.19.27 sn-2 palmitoyl-lipid 9-desaturase

1.14.19.28 sn-1 stearoyl-lipid 9-desaturase

1.14.19.29 sphingolipid 8-(E/Z)-desaturase

1.14.19.30 acyl-lipid (8-3)-desaturase

1.14.19.31 acyl-lipid (7-3)-desaturase

1.14.19.32 palmitoyl-CoA 14-(E/Z)-desaturase

1.14.19.33 Δ¹² acyl-lipid conjugase (11E,13E-forming)

1.14.19.34 acyl-lipid (9+3)-(E)-desaturase

1.14.19.35 sn-2 acyl-lipid ω-3 desaturase (ferredoxin)

1.14.19.36 sn-1 acyl-lipid ω-3 desaturase (ferredoxin)

1.14.19.37 acyl-CoA 5-desaturase

1.14.19.38 acyl-lipid Δ⁶-acetylenase

1.14.19.39 acyl-lipid Δ¹²-acetylenase

1.14.19.40 hex-5-enoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] acetylenase

1.14.19.41 sterol 22-desaturase

1.14.19.42 palmitoyl-[glycerolipid] 7-desaturase

1.14.19.43 palmitoyl-[glycerolipid] 3-(E)-desaturase

1.14.19.44 acyl-CoA (8-3)-desaturase

1.14.19.45 sn-1 oleoyl-lipid 12-desaturase

1.14.19.46 sn-1 linoleoyl-lipid 6-desaturase

1.14.19.47 acyl-lipid (9-3)-desaturase

1.14.19.48 tert-amyl alcohol desaturase

1.14.19.49 tetracycline 7-halogenase

1.14.19.50 noroxomaritidine synthase

1.14.19.51 (S)-corytuberine synthase

1.14.19.52 camalexin synthase

1.14.19.53 all-trans-retinol 3,4-desaturase

1.14.19.54 1,2-dehydroreticuline synthase

1.14.19.55 4-hydroxybenzoate brominase (decarboxylating)

1.14.19.56 1H-pyrrole-2-carbonyl-[peptidyl-carrier protein] chlorinase

1.14.19.57 1H-pyrrole-2-carbonyl-[peptidyl-carrier protein] brominase

1.14.19.58 tryptophan 5-halogenase

1.14.19.59 tryptophan 6-halogenase

1.14.19.60 7-chloro-L-tryptophan 6-halogenase

1.14.19.61 dihydrorhizobitoxine desaturase

1.14.19.62 secologanin synthase

1.14.19.63 pseudobaptigenin synthase

1.14.19.64 (S)-stylopine synthase

1.14.19.65 (S)-cheilanthifoline synthase

1.14.19.66 berbamunine synthase

1.14.19.67 salutaridine synthase

1.14.19.68 (S)-canadine synthase

1.14.19.69 biflaviolin synthase

1.14.19.70 mycocyclosin synthase

1.14.19.71 fumitremorgin C synthase

1.14.19.72 (–)-pluviatolide synthase

1.14.19.73 (S)-nandinine synthase

1.14.19.74 (+)-piperitol/(+)-sesamin synthase

1.14.19.75 very-long-chain acyl-lipid ω-9 desaturase

1.14.19.76 flavone synthase II

1.14.19.77 plasmanylethanolamine desaturase

1.14.19.78 decanoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] acetylenase

1.14.19.79 3β,22α-dihydroxysteroid 3-dehydrogenase

1.14.20 With 2-oxoglutarate as one donor, and the other dehydrogenated

1.14.21 With NADH or NADPH as one donor, and the other dehydrogenated

1.14.99 Miscellaneous

1.15 Acting on superoxide as acceptor

1.16 Oxidizing metal ions

1.17 Acting on CH or CH₂ groups

1.18 Acting on iron-sulfur proteins as donors

1.19 Acting on reduced flavodoxin as donor

1.20 Acting on phosphorus or arsenic in donors

1.21 Catalysing the reaction X-H + Y-H = X-Y

1.22 Acting on halogen in donors

1.23 Reducing C-O-C group as acceptor

1.97 Other oxidoreductases

1.97.1 Sole sub-subclass for oxidoreductases that do not belong in the other subclasses

1.98 Enzymes using H₂ as reductant (deleted subclass)

1.99 Other enzymes using O₂ as oxidant (deleted subclass)

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Release 2023.1 (January 2023)