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EC 1.14.99.36 Details
EC number
1.14.99.36
Accepted name
β-carotene 15,15′-monooxygenase
Reaction
β-carotene + O2 = 2 all-trans-retinal (overall reaction);;(1a) β-carotene + O2 + AH2 = β-carotene 15,15′-epoxide + H2O + A;;(1b) β-carotene 15,15′-epoxide + H2O = 15,15′-dihydroxy-β-carotene;;(1c) 15,15′-dihydroxy-β-carotene + A = 2 all-trans-retinal + AH2
Other name(s)
β-carotene 15,15′-dioxygenase (misleading), carotene dioxygenase (misleading), carotene 15,15′-dioxygenase (misleading), BCMO1 (gene name), BCDO (misleading)
Systematic name
β-carotene:oxygen 15,15′-oxidoreductase (15,15′-epoxidizing, bond-cleaving)
CAS registry number
37256-60-3
Comment
Requires bile salts and Fe(II). This animal enzyme catalyses the reaction in three stages, epoxidation of the 15,15′-double bond, hydration of the epoxide leading to ring opening, and oxidative cleavage of the diol formed. Thus only one atom of the dioxygen is incorporated into each retinal molecule. The nature of the acceptor listed in reactions (1a) and (1c) is assumed to be iron within the active site. Formerly classified in EC 1.13.11 as it had been thought to be a dioxygenase. cf. EC 1.13.11.63, β-carotene 15,15′-dioxygenase.
History
created 1972 as EC 1.13.11.21, transferred 2001 to EC 1.14.99.36, deleted 2015
EC Tree
1.14.99.5 created 1972, modified 1986, modified 2000, deleted 2000
1.14.99.6 created 1972, modified 2000, deleted 2000
1.14.99.8 created 1972, deleted 1984
1.14.99.13 created 1972, deleted 1984
1.14.99.16 created 1972, deleted 2002
1.14.99.17 created 1972, deleted 1976
1.14.99.18 created 1976, modified 1999, deleted 2003
1.14.99.25 created 1986, deleted 2000