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Literature summary for 1.1.1.40 extracted from
- Characterization of the NADP malic enzyme gene family in the facultative, single-cell C4 monocot Hydrilla verticillata (2007), Photosynth. Res., 94, 43-57.
Activating Compound
| Activating Compound | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| additional information | isozyme Hvme3 is not affected by light | Hydrilla verticillata | |
| additional information | the plastidic isozyme Hvme1 may perform housekeeping functions, but is upregulated as the photosynthetic decarboxylase | Hydrilla verticillata |
Cloned(Commentary)
| Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| gene hvme1, DNA and amino acid sequence determintion and analysis, isozyme expression analysis, hvme1 promoter analysis, expression of His-tagged isozyme Hvme1 in Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3) | Hydrilla verticillata |
| gene hvme2, DNA and amino acid sequence determintion and analysis, isozyme expression analysis, hvme1 promoter analysis | Hydrilla verticillata |
| gene hvme3, DNA and amino acid sequence determintion and analysis, isozyme expression analysis, expression of His-tagged isozyme Hvme3 in Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3) | Hydrilla verticillata |
Inhibitors
| Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| (S)-malate | an increase to malate concentration of 10 mM decreases the specific activity of rHVME1 by almost 50% | Hydrilla verticillata |  |
| additional information | no substrate inhibition of isozyme Hvme3 at 10 mM L-malate | Hydrilla verticillata |
KM Value [mM]
| KM Value [mM] | KM Value Maximum [mM] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| additional information | - |
additional information | recombinant isozyme Hvme1, kinetics | Hydrilla verticillata | |
| additional information | - |
additional information | recombinant isozyme Hvme3, kinetics | Hydrilla verticillata | |
| 0.6 | - |
(S)-malate | recombinant isozyme Hvme1 | Hydrilla verticillata | |
Localization
| Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| chloroplast | isozyme Hvme1 possesses a putative transit peptide | Hydrilla verticillata | 9507 | - |
| cytosol | isozyme Hvme2 | Hydrilla verticillata | 5829 | - |
| cytosol | isozyme Hvme3 | Hydrilla verticillata | 5829 | - |
Metals/Ions
| Metals/Ions | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mg2+ | isozyme Hvme1 requires Mg2+ or Mn2+ for activity | Hydrilla verticillata | |
| Mg2+ | isozyme Hvme3 requires Mg2+ or Mn2+ for activity | Hydrilla verticillata | |
| Mn2+ | isozyme Hvme1 requires Mg2+ or Mn2+ for activity | Hydrilla verticillata | |
| Mn2+ | isozyme Hvme3 requires Mg2+ or Mn2+ for activity | Hydrilla verticillata | |
Molecular Weight [Da]
| Molecular Weight [Da] | Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 64000 | - |
4 * 64000, about, isozyme Hvme3, sequence calculation | Hydrilla verticillata |
| 68000 | - |
4 * 68000, about, isozyme Hvme2, sequence calculation | Hydrilla verticillata |
| 72000 | - |
4 * 72000, about, isozyme Hvme1, sequence calculation | Hydrilla verticillata |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (S)-malate + NADP+ | Hydrilla verticillata | - |
pyruvate + CO2 + NADPH | - |
r | |
| (S)-malate + NADP+ | Hydrilla verticillata | NADP-ME provides a high CO2 concentration for Rubisco fixation in the C4 leaf chloroplasts, regulation of isozyme Hvme1, overview | pyruvate + CO2 + NADPH | - |
r | |
| (S)-malate + NADP+ | Hydrilla verticillata | regulation of isozyme Hvme3, overview | pyruvate + CO2 + NADPH | - |
r | |
Organism
| Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hydrilla verticillata | Q27IE1 | isozyme Hvme1; gene hvme1 | - |
| Hydrilla verticillata | Q6PMI1 | isozyme Hvme3; gene hvme3 | - |
| Hydrilla verticillata | Q6PMI2 | isozyme Hvme2; gene hvme2 | - |
Purification (Commentary)
| Purification (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| recombinant His-tagged isozyme Hvme1 from Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3) by nickel affinity chromatography, native enzyme partially by chloroplast isolation | Hydrilla verticillata |
| recombinant His-tagged isozyme Hvme3 from Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3) by nickel affinity chromatography | Hydrilla verticillata |
Source Tissue
| Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| leaf | - |
Hydrilla verticillata | - |
| leaf | isozyme Hvme1 is upregulated in the C4 leaves during the light period | Hydrilla verticillata | - |
| leaf | isozyme Hvme3 is equally active in C4 and C3 leaves | Hydrilla verticillata | - |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (S)-malate + NADP+ | - |
Hydrilla verticillata | pyruvate + CO2 + NADPH | - |
r | |
| (S)-malate + NADP+ | NADP-ME provides a high CO2 concentration for Rubisco fixation in the C4 leaf chloroplasts, regulation of isozyme Hvme1, overview | Hydrilla verticillata | pyruvate + CO2 + NADPH | - |
r | |
| (S)-malate + NADP+ | regulation of isozyme Hvme3, overview | Hydrilla verticillata | pyruvate + CO2 + NADPH | - |
r | |
Subunits
| Subunits | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| tetramer | 4 * 64000, about, isozyme Hvme3, sequence calculation | Hydrilla verticillata |
| tetramer | 4 * 68000, about, isozyme Hvme2, sequence calculation | Hydrilla verticillata |
| tetramer | 4 * 72000, about, isozyme Hvme1, sequence calculation | Hydrilla verticillata |
Synonyms
| Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| NADP+-dependent malic enzyme | - |
Hydrilla verticillata |
| NADP-ME | - |
Hydrilla verticillata |
pH Optimum
| pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 7.5 | - |
recombinant isozyme Hvme3 | Hydrilla verticillata |
| 7.8 | - |
recombinant isozyme Hvme1 | Hydrilla verticillata |
pH Range
| pH Minimum | pH Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5.5 | 8.5 | - |
Hydrilla verticillata |
Cofactor
| Cofactor | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| NADP+ | - |
Hydrilla verticillata | |
| NADPH | - |
Hydrilla verticillata | |
pI Value
| Organism | Comment | pI Value Maximum | pI Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hydrilla verticillata | isozyme Hvme1, sequence calculation | - |
5.9 |
| Hydrilla verticillata | isozyme Hvme3, sequence calculation | - |
6.5 |
| Hydrilla verticillata | isozyme Hvme2, sequence calculation | - |
8.9 |
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