deletion of the NAD+-dependent glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene in an industrial ethanol-producing strain and expression of either the non-phosphorylating NADP+-dependent glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from Bacillus cereus, strain AG2A, or the NADP+-dependent glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase GAPDH from Kluyveromyces lactis, strain AG2B, in the deletion strain. Recombinant strain AG2A exhibits a 48.70% decrease in glycerol production and a 7.60% increase in ethanol yield relative to the amount of substrate consumed, while recombinant strain AG2B exhibits a 52.90% decrease in glycerol production and a 7.34% increase in ethanol yield relative to the amount of substrate consumed, compared with the wild-type strain. The maximum specific growth rates of the recombinant AG2A and AG2B are higher than that of the gpd2 deletion strain and are indistinguishable compared with the wild-type strain in anaerobic batch fermentations
potential use of Saccharomyces cerevisiae-Saccharomyces kudriavzevii hybrids in the wine industry where glycerol content is an important quality parameter
potential use of Saccharomyces cerevisiae-Saccharomyces kudriavzevii hybrids in the wine industry where glycerol content is an important quality parameter
the hyperthyroid status leads to a significant decrease and the hypothyroid status to a significant increase of both enzyme amount and activity in both female and male animals. The euthyroid and hyperthyroid females show a higher activity and the hyperthyroid females also show a higher enzyme amount in comparison with male animals, while the hypothyroid animals show low levels in both sexes. The enzyme-dependent oxygen consumption of freshly isolated liver mitochondria from hyperthyroid animals is higher compared with euthyroid animals, and is activated bycoenzyme Q analogue idebenone, in both euthyroid and hyperthyroid rats. Determination of enzyme amount and activity can serve as an additional criterion for the evaluation of the thyroid hormone status
pomolic acid suppresses the increase in GPDH activity in adipocytes when 3T3-L1 cells are treated with pomolic acid during culture in an insulin-containing medium after induction of differentiation. Pomolic acid promotes an increase in GPDH activity in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes when these cells are treated with pomolic acid during culture in the differentiation medium
the mRNA expression level of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPD1) is significantly downregulated in human breast cancer patients. Patients with reduced GPD1 expression exhibit poorer overall metastatic relapse-free survival. The reduced expression of GPD1 is an independent predictor of overall survival in oestrogen receptor-positive and nodal-negative breast cancer patients. GPD1 is a direct target of miR-370, which is significantly upregulated in human breast cancer. Exogenous expression of GPD1 in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells significantly inhibits cell proliferation, migration, and invasion
fermentative production of L-glycerol 3-phosphate utilizing a Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain with an engineered glycerol biosynthetic pathway (strain with deletions in both genes encoding specific L-G3Pases (GPP1 and GPP2) and multicopy overexpression of L-glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase). Up-scaling the process employs fed-batch fermentation with repeated glucose feeding, plus an aerobic growth phase followed by an anaerobic product accumulation phase. This produces a final product titer of about 325 mg total L-glycerol 3-phosphate per liter of fermentation broth
successful introduction of a glycerol production pathway into Klebseiella pneumoniae by coexpression of genes encoding glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and glycerol-3-phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.21) organized into the plasmid pUC18K under control of the respective lac promoter. An engineered Klebsiella pneumoniae that can produce glycerol from glucose is achieved. It is still difficult to efficiently produce 1,3-propanediol from glucose. Only 0.58 g/l 1,3-propanediol is produced
deletion of the NAD+-dependent glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene in an industrial ethanol-producing strain and expression of either the non-phosphorylating NADP+-dependent glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from Bacillus cereus, strain AG2A, or the NADP+-dependent glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase GAPDH from Kluyveromyces lactis, strain AG2B, in the deletion strain. Recombinant strain AG2A exhibits a 48.70% decrease in glycerol production and a 7.60% increase in ethanol yield relative to the amount of substrate consumed, while recombinant strain AG2B exhibits a 52.90% decrease in glycerol production and a 7.34% increase in ethanol yield relative to the amount of substrate consumed, compared with the wild-type strain. The maximum specific growth rates of the recombinant AG2A and AG2B are higher than that of the gpd2 deletion strain and are indistinguishable compared with the wild-type strain in anaerobic batch fermentations
Camelina sativa coexpressing Arabidopsis thaliana diacylglycerol acyltransferase1 (DGAT1) and yeast cytosolic glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPD1) genes exhibit up to 13% higher seed oil content and up to 52% increase in seed mass compared to wild-type plants. DGAT1- and GDP1-coexpressing lines show significantly higher seed and oil yields on a dry weight basis than the wild-type controls or plants expressing DGAT1 and GPD1 alone. The oil harvest index (g oil per g total dry matter) for DGTA1- and GPD1-coexpressing lines is almost twofold higher as compared to wild type and the lines expressing DGAT1 and GPD1 alone
upon heterologous expression of diacylglycerol acyltransferase DGAT1, glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase GPD1 and DGAT1 + GPD1 in Camelina sativa, increase in triacylglycerol production is limited by utilization of fixed carbon from the source tissues supported by the increase in glycolysis pathway metabolites and decreased transcripts levels of transcription factors controlling fatty acids synthesis, and triacylglycerol accumulation is limited by the activity of lipases/hydrolases that hydrolyze triacylglycerol pool supported by the increase in free fatty acids and monoacylglycerols
successful introduction of a glycerol production pathway into Klebseiella pneumoniae by coexpression of genes encoding glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and glycerol-3-phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.21) organized into the plasmid pUC18K under control of the respective lac promoter. An engineered Klebsiella pneumoniae that can produce glycerol from glucose is achieved. It is still difficult to efficiently produce 1,3-propanediol from glucose. Only 0.58 g/l 1,3-propanediol is produced
Camelina sativa coexpressing Arabidopsis thaliana diacylglycerol acyltransferase1 (DGAT1) and yeast cytosolic glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPD1) genes exhibit up to 13% higher seed oil content and up to 52% increase in seed mass compared to wild-type plants. DGAT1- and GDP1-coexpressing lines show significantly higher seed and oil yields on a dry weight basis than the wild-type controls or plants expressing DGAT1 and GPD1 alone. The oil harvest index (g oil per g total dry matter) for DGTA1- and GPD1-coexpressing lines is almost twofold higher as compared to wild type and the lines expressing DGAT1 and GPD1 alone
upon heterologous expression of diacylglycerol acyltransferase DGAT1, glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase GPD1 and DGAT1 + GPD1 in Camelina sativa, increase in triacylglycerol production is limited by utilization of fixed carbon from the source tissues supported by the increase in glycolysis pathway metabolites and decreased transcripts levels of transcription factors controlling fatty acids synthesis, and triacylglycerol accumulation is limited by the activity of lipases/hydrolases that hydrolyze triacylglycerol pool supported by the increase in free fatty acids and monoacylglycerols